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Abnormal Child Psychology > Abuse and Trauma > Flashcards

Abuse and Trauma Flashcards

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1
Q

When was abuse recognized as a problem

A

70s

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2
Q

Amount of children who are sexually victimized or recieve harsh physical punishment

A

1/10

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3
Q

4 acts of maltreatent

A

Neglect
physical
sexual
emotional abuse

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4
Q

Non-accidental trauma

A

Ranging effects of maltreatment on physical and emotional development

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5
Q

Victimization

A

Abuse or maltreatment of a person with limited ability to protect themselves

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6
Q

Roman law of chastisement

A

Husband could beat his wife with a stick as long as it was bigger around his thumb

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7
Q

Church doctrine

A

Spare the rod and spoil the child

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8
Q

1989

A

Convention of rights of children recognized exploitation and abuse of children

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9
Q

Healthy families depend on..

A

parental competence
family circumstances
community resources

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10
Q

Infants need

A

Protective and nurturing adults, opportunities for socialization within culture

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11
Q

Older children need

A

Supportive family, peer contact, opportunity to master and explore environment

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12
Q

Positive end

A

Healthy child rearing promotes child development

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13
Q

Middle range

A

Dysfunctional actions represent irresponsible and harmful child care

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14
Q

Negative end

A

Violate child’s basic needs in an abusive manner or through neglect

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15
Q

Child abuse prevention and treatment act definition

A

Acts that result in death, serious physical or emotional harm, or act or failure to act that presents imminent risk

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16
Q

Where is child abuse listed in DSM

A

Axis 1: Other conditions that may be focus of clinical attention– psychosocial/environmental problems

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17
Q

Physical abuse

A

Injuries result of discipline or severe physical punishment– often unintentional

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18
Q

Physical neglect

A

Refusal or delay in seeking healthcare, expulsion from home, abandonment and inadequate supervision

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19
Q

Educational neglect

A

Allowing chronic truancy, failing to enrol child in school, failing to attend to special education needs

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20
Q

Emotional neglect

A

Inattention to child’s need for affection, refusal or failure to provide psychological care, spousal abuse in child’s presence, permission to use drugs or alcohol

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21
Q

Sexual abuse

A

Fondling child’s genitals, intercourse, incest, rape, sodomy, exhibitionism and commercial exploitation through prostitution or pornography

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22
Q

amount of sexually abused kids who don’t show or report symptoms

A

1/3

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23
Q

emotional abuse

A

Repeated acts or omissions that may cause serious behavioural, cognitive, emotional or mental disorders

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24
Q

Amount of exploited children

A

10 million

25
Q

Greatest risk factor for exploitation

A

poverty

26
Q

Amount of investigations and confirmed reports

A

3.5 million investigations

1/3 are confirmed

27
Q

Amount of maltreatment victims

A

1 million

28
Q

% of cases that are neglect

A

78.4

29
Q

% of cases that are physical abuse

A

11%

30
Q

% of cases that are sexual abuse

A

7.6%

31
Q

% of cases that are psychological maltreatment

A

7.6%

32
Q

Amount of kids suffering more than 1 form of maltreatment

A

1/4

33
Q

Life time prevalence of sexual abuse

A
  1. 3% male

12. 8% female

34
Q

Life time prevalence of physical abuse

A
  1. 2% male

21. 1% female

35
Q

% of sexual abuse victims that are female

A

80%

36
Q

% of children sexually abused by people other than parents

A

50%

37
Q

% of cases where mother is perpetrator of neglect

A

90%

38
Q

Most common perpetrator, other than sexual abuse

A

Mother younger than 30

39
Q

Personality characteristics

A

Positive self esteem and sense of self

40
Q

Attachment style of maltreated infants

A

Insecure- disorganized

41
Q

effects on neurobiology

A

Long term alterations in HPA axis and norepinephrine systems

42
Q

Affected brain areas

A

Hippocampus
Pre-frontal cortex
Amygdala

43
Q

Signs of maltreated boys and girls

A

Boys show heightened aggression

Girls show internalizing signs of distress

44
Q

cycle of violence hypothesis

A

Victims of violence have greater chance of becoming perpetrators themselves

45
Q

Mood and affect

A

Depression, emotional distress, suicidal ideation

46
Q

Amount of victims meeting PTSD criteria

A

1/2

47
Q

Amount of victims with lifetime PTSD

A

1/3

48
Q

Traumatic sexualization

A

child’s sexual knowledge and behaviour shaped in developmentally innapropriate ways

49
Q

Relational disorder

A

Abuse and neglect more common during periods of stressful role transitions for parents, oppositional periods of testing limits and family disruption

50
Q

Premediated

A

Sexual abuse is often purposeful and intentional, trying to break child’s resistance

51
Q

% of maltreatment caused by parent psychopathology

A

10%

52
Q

Integrated model

A

Parental and situational factors interact over time to increase or decrease risk pf physical abuse or neglect

53
Q

% of pedophiles awrae of interests before 17

A

50%

54
Q

Traits that pedophiles target

A

Family problems
Spending a lot of time alone
Seem unsure of themselves

55
Q

Costs of maltreatment

A

$124 billion

56
Q

5 criteria for PTSD

A 
Direct or indirect exposure to trauma
Re-experiencing trauama
Avoidance of triggers
Negative emotional state
Hyper arousal
More than 1 month with impairment
57
Q

Acute stress disorder

A

Less than 1 month + impairment with 9/14 symptoms

58
Q

Spanking laws

A

Allowed from age 2-12

Abnormal Child Psychology (9 decks)

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