Introduction

Question 1

Approximately –% of adults aged 20 to 64 have no teeth and almost –%
of seniors (above the age of 65) have no remaining teeth.

Answer 1

5
30

Question 2

The leading causes for teeth loss are (2)

Answer 2

caries and periodontal disease.

Question 3

Approximately —% of US adults aged 20-64 had dental caries in 2011-2012, —% of
which suffered from untreated dental caries.

Answer 3

91
26

Question 4

Periodontal disease affects —% of the population between 35-44
years of age and —% of people over 65 years of age.

Answer 4

75
95

Question 5

— million Americans are missing at least one tooth, and more than — million are currently edentulous, 2/3 of which in both arches (ACP).

Answer 5

120
36

Question 6

The success rate of dental implants has been
reported in the scientific literature to be around
–%.

Answer 6

98

Question 7

Denture - –% of lost function restored

Answer 7

30

Question 8

Removable Partial - –% of lost function restored

Answer 8

60

Question 9

Fixed Dental Prostheses (Crowns
and Bridges)
(2)

Answer 9

• 100% of lost function restored
• Can be tooth or implant supported

Question 10

DentalImplant

Answer 10

“A prosthetic device or alloplastic material
implanted into the oral tissues beneath the
mucosal and/or periosteal layer, and/or within the
bone to provide retention and support for a fixed
or removable dental prosthesis.”

Question 11

skipped
H I S T O R Y O F I M P L A N T S

Answer 11

■As Early as 600AD Mayan Origin
■Modern Implant Dentistry Early 19thCentury
■Strock: 1931 Vitallium
■Formiggini:1947 Tantalum
■Chercheve: 1947 Chrome-cobalt
■Branemark: 1965 Titanium

Question 12

• Eposteal:

Answer 12

on/around the bone

Question 13

• Transosteal:

Answer 13

through the bone

Question 14

• Endosteal:

Answer 14

in the bone

Question 15

■EPOSTEAL -

Answer 15

Subperiosteal

Question 16

■TRANSOSTEAL -

Answer 16

Transmandibular

Question 17

■ENDOSTEAL -

Answer 17

Blade and Root Form

Question 18

S u b p e r i o s t e a l I m p l a n t
■Early edition: 1941 by Dr. Gustav Dahl of Sweden
■Introduced in 1960 by Goldberg and Gershkoff
■Material
■Denture is
■Survival rate –% Ten years (Harvard Consensus)
■Indicated for
■Bone resorption leads to

Answer 18

Vitallium metal
implant supported / expensive
85
atrophic edentulous mandible.
mobility infection and loss

Question 19

T r a n s o s tea l I m pl a n t
■Introduced I. Small 1968
■Matieral
■–% Success rate at fifteen years (excellent)
■Only indicated for the
■Denture is — supported

Answer 19

Titanium metal
91
edentulous mandible
tissue

Question 20

Tr a n s o s t e a l I m p l a n t
Requires one surgery usually in the —.

Answer 20

hospital

Question 21

Tr a n s o s t e a l I m p l a n t
approach

Answer 21

External incision / approach.

Question 22

Tr a n s o s t e a l I m p l a n t
Excellent for the

Answer 22

atrophic mandible where root form implants would weaken the jaw.

Question 23

Tr a n s o s t e a l I m p l a n t
Complex surgical procedure therefore

Answer 23

not widely used.

Question 24

Tr a n s o s t e a l I m p l a n t
Restricted to the

Answer 24

anterior mandible.

Question 25

T MI : T r a n s m a n d i bu l a r I m p l a n t ■--% success rate ■-- supported denture ■Used for severe ■Material ■Reversible –

Answer 25

97 Implant atrophic mandibles <10mm Gold Alloy, not titanium can be removed due to design of screws and degree of integration, but not easy process

Question 26

T M I : T r a n s m a n d i b u l a r I m p l a n t ■Allows

Answer 26

facial muscles to be reattached to improve facial profile

Question 27

T M I : T r a n s m a n d i b u l a r I m p l a n t stage/approach

Answer 27

One stage, extra-oral approach (submental)

Question 28

T M I : T r a n s m a n d i b u l a r I m p l a n t Eliminates

Answer 28

ridge augmentation or vestibuloplasty

Question 29

E n d o s tea l I m pl a n t T yp e s BLADE : ■Leonard Linkow 1969 ■Material ■--- stage/best for ■--% five year survival ■Most widely used until 1980

Answer 29

■Titanium metal One, partially edentulous mandibles 75

Question 30

B l a d e I m p l a n t ■Early failures due to

Answer 30

heat at preparation and immediate loading

Question 31

B l a d e I m p l a n t ■Drawbacks:

Answer 31

Difficult to prepare a precision slot and if it fails, a large section of bone is involved

Question 32

R o o t F o r m I m p la n ts ■Success rate greater than --% ■Indicated for ■Multiple uses:

Answer 32

90 partially and fully edentulous cases/any area of the mouth (versatility) overdenture, hybrid, crown and bridge, ortho anchorage...

Question 33

R o o t F o r m I m p l a n t s Historically multiple attempts made with a multitude of metals. Became the standard with the research of Per-Ingvar Brånemark in 1970 and the Concept of Osseointegration. (5)

Answer 33

■Titanium or an alloy of titanium-aluminum-vanadium metal(s) ■1 or 2 stage approach ■In office procedure ■Screws/Cylinders ■Machined or rough (to increase surface area for integration)

Question 34

Super I m p l a n t s : Z y g o m a t i c & P t e r y g o i d Indicated when

Answer 34

there is no maxillary posterior bone

Question 35

Osseointegration

Answer 35

Brånemark introduced the term osseointegration and defined it as “a direct structural and functional connection between ordered, living bone and the surface of a load-carrying implant.”

Question 36

T I T A NI UM: 196 4 to P r e se n t (3)

Answer 36

■Not recognized as a foreign object by the body ■Less host rejection than other metals/alloys ■Medicine also recognized utilization in joint replacements and heart valves

Question 37

I m p l a n t Vs To o t h (2)

Answer 37

* Important distinction from natural dentition * Implants are not teeth and there is extensive evidence that they behave differently

Question 38

I m pl a n t V s T o o t h Not susceptible to the same disease processes that affect our dentate patients. Teeth: (2) Implants: (2)

Answer 38

*Caries *Periodontal disease *Peri-implantitis (bone) *Peri-mucositis (soft-tissue)

Question 39

P r o g n o sis Predictability of single implant fixture survival is in the ---% range

Answer 39

94-98

Question 40

I m p l a n t F i x t u r e L o s s ~---% of failures occur prior to the placement of the restoration ~---% occur after the restoration placement

Answer 40

55-60 40-45