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Yoga Medicine > Intro to Yoga, Sutras, 8 Limbs > Flashcards

Intro to Yoga, Sutras, 8 Limbs Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 8 limbs of yoga in order from the bottom of the pyramid to the top?

A

Yamas, Niyamas, asana, pranayama, pratyhara, dharana, dhyana, samadhi

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2
Q

What does “yamas” mean and what are the yamas?

A

Yamas means restraints/ morals in how we relate to the outside world. They include ahimsa (non violence), satya (truthfulness), asteya (non stealing), brahmacharya (non excess), apraigraha (non possessiveness)

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3
Q

Ahimsa

A

Non violence

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4
Q

Satya

A

Truthfulness

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5
Q

Asteya

A

Non stealing

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6
Q

Brahmacharya

A

Non excess

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7
Q

Apraigraha

A

Non possessiveness

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8
Q

Define Niyamas and list them

A

Niyamas are observances or moral involving how we relate to ourselves. Self discipline. They include sauca (purity), santosa (contentment), tapas (self discipline), svadhyaya (self study), pranidhana (surrender)

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9
Q

Sauca

A

Purity

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10
Q

Santosa

A

Contentment

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11
Q

Tapas

A

Self discipline

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12
Q

Svadhyaya

A

Self study

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13
Q

Pranidhana

A

Surrender

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14
Q

Asana

A

Postures

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15
Q

Pranayama

A

Breath

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16
Q

Pratyahara

A

Sense withdrawal

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17
Q

Dharana

A

Intense and steady focus

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18
Q

Dhyana

A

Absorption/ meditation

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19
Q

Samadhi

A

Integration / oneness (super consciousness)

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20
Q

What are some general elements of ahimsa (nonviolence)

A

Courage, balance (powerlessness), self love (projection, help v support, comparison), compassion

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21
Q

What are some general elements of satya (truthfulness)

A

Real v nice, belonging v growth, cultivating trust

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22
Q

What are some general traits of asteya (non stealing)?

A

We steal from others,the earth, ourselves, and the future, contentment with what we have

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23
Q

What are some general traits of brahmacarya (nonexcess)

A

Celibacy, gratitude, stepping away from social pressures

24
Q

What are some general traits of aparigraha (non-possessiveness)

A

Freedoms from attachment, enjoying the moment wholly and being willing to let go

25
Q

What is Kriya yoga and its 3 elements?

A

Certain practical hints to practice in our daily lives and prepare us for more subtle practices; tapas (to burn/refinement), svadhyaya (self study), isvara pranidhana (surrender to the supreme being)

26
Q

What are the 5 kleshas?

A

Ignorance, egoism, attachment, hatred / aversion, fear of death/ clinging to bodily life. They go in order.

27
Q

Purusha

A

True self or seer

28
Q

Prakriti

A

Nature or seen

29
Q

Samyoga

A

Union, the perfect marriage of purusha and prakriti (seer and seen). Necessary to see and understand the ego before we let it go.

30
Q

What is the definition and 4 types of avidya?

A

Ignorance, the cause of samyoga (perfect union)

Dormant, feeble, intercepted, and active / sustained

31
Q

Viveka

A

Discrimination—telling the original basic truth from its ever changing names and forms (wood example). Cultivated by practice and non reaction.

32
Q

Enumeration list sequence

A

Brahman (state of consciousness, eternal now), leads to purusha, then Prakriti (and who), then awareness, then mental and emotional energy (spirit prana), then biological energy (prana viyu)

33
Q

Enumeration list sequence part 2

A

Prakriti leads to knower (Buddhi) leads to sense of self / ego (ahamkara), which includes the mind, the 5 senses, the 5 organs of action, the 5 subtle elements, and the 5 elements

34
Q

What are the 5 organs of action

A

Speech, hands, foot, genitals, anus

35
Q

What are the 5 subtle elements

A

Sound, touch, color, flavor, odor

E.g. feeling air on our skin, tasting water

36
Q

What are the 3 Gunas

A

Sattwa/Sattva : bliss / pure, rajas: sporadic, anxious (the mind), tamas: lethargic (the body).

37
Q

What are nadis

A

Knots in the gunas, fear may be tied within. Our goal is to separate them again and balance them out

38
Q

How does patanjali define yoga?

A

The experience gained by controlling the modifications of the mind

39
Q

What are the 5 states of the mind

A

Restlessness, one pointed, suspended, infatuated, distracted

40
Q

What is Nirohda Chitta and its 3 levels?

A

Restraint of the mind ; ahamkara (ego), buddhi (intellect), and manas (desire)

41
Q

What are the 5 types of mind fluctuations?

A

Right knowledge (direct perception, inference, scriptural testimony), misconception, verbal delusion, sleep, memory

42
Q

Samskara

A

Mental impression

43
Q

What are the 4 levels of concentration in pursuit of Samadhi

A

Gross objects (candle), subtle elements (color red), tranquil mind, I-ness

44
Q

What is the 5 point path to Samadhi

A

Faith, vigor, memory, contemplation, discernment

45
Q

What are the 9 obstacles of the mind and their 4 consequences?

A

Disease, fullness, doubt, carelessness, laziness, sensuality, false perception, failure to reach firm ground, slipping from ground gained; despair, distress, trembling, and disturbed breathing

46
Q

Prajna

A

Ultimate wisdom, higher knowledge outside your own experience which can only be understood without the mind

47
Q

What is Samapatti and it’s 4 levels

A

Lower level samadhi, the practice of meditating on the subtle and gross objects only. Reasoning, reflecting, rejoicing, pure I-am-ness, knowable, and knowledge.

48
Q

What 3 qualities do all objects have?

A

Word, object, and knowledge

49
Q

What 4 attitudes should we cultivate with 4 types of people?

A

Happy people: friendliness, unhappy/suffering people: compassion, virtuous: delight, wicked: indifference / disregard

50
Q

What is the religious association of yoga?

A

It is one of six orthodox schools of Hindu philosophical traditions

51
Q

When did yoga originate

A

Around the 5th and 6th centuries. It is mentioned in the Rigveda, a collection of Vedic Sanskrit hymns.

52
Q

When was the first mention of “motion” yoga

A

In the Bhagavad Gita which was written in the 2nd to 3rd century and was the first fully fledged yoga scripture.

53
Q

When did the Patanjali Yoga Sutra come out?

A

Around the year 400

54
Q

When did Hatha (physical) yoga texts emerge?

A

Around the 11th century

55
Q

When did yoga become popular in the west?

A

Around the 1980s, after the success of Swami Vivekananda in the late 19th and early 20th century. Only physical yoga was popularized initially.

56
Q

what two ways do we work towards ceasing the fluctuations of the mind?

A

Practice, non-attachment

Yoga Medicine (21 decks)

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