Intro to Virology Flashcards
protein shell, or coat, that encloses the nucleic acid
genome
Capsid
morphologic units seen in the electron microscope on
the surface of icosahedral virus particles; represent
clusters of polypeptides
Capsomeres
a virus particle that is functionally deficient in some
aspects of replication
Defective virus
lipid-containing membrane that surrounds some virus
particles; acquired during viral maturation by a
budding process through a cellular membrane
Envelope
virus-encoded glycoproteins or projections exposed
on the surface of the envelope
Peplomers
the protein-nucleic acid complex representing the
packaged form of the viral genome
Nucleocapsid
the basic protein building block of the coat; also
known as protomer
Structural units
single folded viral polypeptide chain
Subunit
the complete virus particle; serve to transfer the viral
nucleic acid from one cell to another
Virion
very small viruses with a particle size of about 18-
26 nm
Parvoviruses
example of parvoviruses
HPV B19
most well-known among
polyomaviruses; causes progressive multifocal
leukoencephalopathy
JC virus
wart” viruses which can cause genital cancer
Papillomaviruses
some types can persist in lymphoid tissue
• some cause acute respiratory disease,
conjunctivitis, and gastroenteritis
adenoviruses
cause acute and chronic hepatitis
hepadnaviruses
oral and genital
lesions
HSV 1 & 2
infectious mononucleosis
and assoc with human neoplasms
Epstein-Barr virus
Assoc. with Kaposi
sarcoma
Human herpesvirus 8
tend to produce vesicular skin
lesions
poxviruses
example of poxviruses
smallpox, vaccinia,
molluscum contagiosum
Include the torque teno viruses
Anelloviruses
picornaviruses that infect humans
entero
rhino
hapato
causes hepatatis A
Hepatovirus
Associated with gastroenteritis in humans and
animals
astroviruses
Similar size to picornaviruses but particles display
a distinctive star-shaped outline on their surfaces
Astroviruses
cause of epidemic acute
gastroenteritis
Norwalkvirus
Cup-shaped depression on the surfaces of the
particles
Caliciviruses
Human Hepatitis E virus
Small prticles (27-34 nm), ether resistant, ssRNA,
lacks genome-linked protein (VPg)
Similar to calicivirus
Hepeviruses
Reovirus that cause gastroenteritis and has a distinct wheel shaped appearance
Rotavirus
(Colorado tick fever virus)
Coltivirus
examples of Togaviruses
Alphavirus, Rubella virus (no arthropod
vector), Eastern equine encephalitis virus
Mature virions of these virus accumulate within the cisternae of
the ER
Flaviviruses
Yellow fever virus, Dengue virus, Zika
virus, Hepatitis C virus is included
Flaviviruses
virions incorporate host cell ribosomes during
maturation, giving the particles “sandy”
appearance
Arenaviruses
Example:Lassa fever
Arenaviruses
Have petal-shaped projections arranged in a fringe
Coronaviruses
MERS COV and SARS are an example of this virus
Coronaviruses
Round or filamentous particles with surface
projections that contains hemagglutinin or
neuraminidase activity
Orthomyxoviruses
Envelope is acquired by budding in the Golg
Bunyaviruses
Cause hemorrhagic fevers and neuropathy as
well as severe pulmonary syndrome
Hantaviruses
Transmitted by persistently infected rodents
(not by arthropods) via aerosols of
contaminated excreta
Hantaviruses
Unique among nonsegmented, negative sense
RNA viruses
Bornaviruses
Resembling a bullet, flat at one end and round at
the other
Rhabdoviruses
Cause acquired-immunodeficiency syndrome
AIDS
Retroviruses
Similar to orthomyxovirus but larger
Paramyxoviruses
Example: Mumps, measles, parainfluenza,
metapneumo, and respiratory syncytial virus
(RSV)
Paramyxoviruses
Examples:Marburg and Ebola viruses
Filoviruses
