Intro to the lymphatic system Flashcards
What are the functions of the lymphatic system? [3 marks]
- Maintains fluid balance
- Houses the immune system
- Maintains fat homeostasis
How does the lymphatic system work? [3 marks]
- No pressure
- Smooth muscle contracts
- Valves ensure unidirectional lymph flow
Where does all vascular filtrate end up? [1 mark]
The lymphatic system
What does the revised Starling process tell us? [2 marks]
- Interstitial forces must be considered as well as osmotic and hydrostatic pressures.
- Blood capillaries don’t absorb fluid back
What is relative lymphatic failure caused by? [1 mark]
Increased capillary filtration (high lymph loads)
What is absolute lymphatic failure caused by? [2 marks]
- No increase in capillary filtration (normal lymph load)
OR - Sustained increase capillary filtration
What happens after chronic venous disease and oedema? [1 mark]
Lymphoedema caused by damage to lymph drainage
What is cellulitis? [1 mark]
A soft tissue infection that can cause sepsis if prolonged
What can a build up of fat be caused by? [1 mark]
Impaired lymph drainage
What is the difference between primary and secondary lymphoedema? [2 mark]
- Primary lymphoedema is caused by a genetic fault in lymph drainage
- Secondary lymphoedema is caused by damage to lymph drainage
What are some germ line mutations that can cause lymphoedema? [4 marks]
- Milroy
- MCLMR
- Turner syndrome
- Milroy-like
How is lymphoedema maintained? [2 marks]
- Compression
- Exercise
What can lymphatic dysfunction affect? [5 marks]
- Respiratory diseases
- Cardiovascular system
- Central nervous system
- Immunity
- Gastrointestinal tract
