Intro to the Cell Flashcards
Explain the 3 main points to cell theory
1.) All living organisms are composed of one or more cells
2.) The cell is the basic unit of structure and organization
3.)All cells arise only from pre-existing cells
What are the 3 universal similarities between cells?
1.) DNA as the heritable material, RNA as the messenger and proteins as the workers
2.) Major cellular organelles - functions and arrangements within the cell
3.) ATP as the energy source
Describe the similarities between Prokaryote cells and Eukaryote cells
Both have a plasma membrane, cytosol, DNA, RNA, proteins and ribosomes
Explain the differences between Eukaryotic cells and Prokaryotic cells
Eukaryote cells have membrane bound organelles and are much lagers
Prokaryote cells lack a membrane bound nucleus
True or false - humans are Prokaryotic cells?
False - they are Eukaryotic
Is there a limit to how big cells can be?
Yes - 10-20 micromes long
What is the cytoplasm?
It is everything inside the plasma membrane including the organelles but NOT including the nucleus
What is the cytosol?
A fluid portion of the cytoplasm (water plus dissolved and suspended substances eg ions, ATP, proteins, lipids)
What are some major organelles?
Nucleus
Endoplasmic reticulum (rough and smooth)
Golgi apparatus
Lysosomes
Mitochondria
Ribosomes
What major organelles are part of the endomembrane system?
Nucleus
ER (smooth and rough)
Golgi apparatus
Lysosomes
What major organelles are NOT apart of the endomembrane system?
Mitochondria
Ribosomes
What are the organelles within the endomembrane system responsible for?
Along with the plasma membrane the work together to package, label, and ship molecules
Describe the function of the plasma membrane
The plasma membrane is a selectivley permeable barrier controlling the passage of substances in and out of the cell
What forms the layers of the plasma membrane?
Double layer of phospholipids with embedded proteins
Define the term hydrophillic
Water loving
