Intro to physiology Flashcards
Semester 1 Year 1
Where is intracellular fluid found?
Inside cells
What separates intracellular and extracellular fluid?
A plasma membrane
What is extracellular fluid separated into?
Blood plasma and interstitial fluid
Where is interstitial fluid found?
Surrounds cells
What does blood plasma regulate?
Oxygen, glucose, ions, volume
What does interstitial fluid regulate?
Glucose, ions
What does intracellular fluid regulate?
ATP, glucose, ions, volume
What does the whole body regulate?
Arterial blood pressure, core body temperature
What is homeostasis?
The mechanism for the maintenance of steady state of the internal environment
Homeostasis is a what process?
An active process, so requires energy
What is negative feedback?
When the change is in the opposite direction to the input
How does negative feedback occur?
- receptors sense the input (change in environment)
- feed into control centre (brain - hypothalamus or brain stem) which compares it to the set point (steady state)
- if input is different to set point, creates an output signal
- sent to effector, which produces a change
What is redundancy?
There are multiple mechanisms for many vital parameters
Why is redundancy important?
If a mechanism isn’t working, a different one can be used to correct the change
What is osmolality and what is its units?
The total concentration of all the particles that are free in a solution - mOsm (milliosmoles per kg of water)
