Intro to Pharmacology

Question 1

Pharmacodynamics

Answer 1

Drug-induced responses of physiologic and biochemical systems

Question 2

Pharmacokinetics

Answer 2

Drug amounts at different sites after administration

Question 3

Toxicology

Answer 3

Study of the body’s response to drugs, harmful effects, mechanics of actions, systems, treatment and identification

Question 4

Contraindications

Answer 4

Circumstances under which the drug usually should not have been taken

Question 5

Idiosyncratic (paradoxic) reactions

Answer 5

Unexpected reactions/unusual responses such as being more alert after taking a sedative, or stimulants used to calm patients with ADHD and promote concentration

Question 6

Iatrogenic

Answer 6

Negative effect on the body caused by a medication error, drug overdose, or unusual response

Question 7

Teratogenic

Answer 7

Harmful effects on a fetus; it is recommended to avoid all medications when pregnant

Question 8

Synergism

Answer 8

Combination of two drugs increases effects of both

Question 9

Antagonism

Answer 9

Combination of two or more drugs decreases effects

Question 10

Potentiation

Answer 10

One drug enhances the effect of a second drug, but both are not enhanced

Question 11

Dose

Answer 11

Refers to the amount of a drug given at a single time

Question 12

Dosage

Answer 12

Refers to the total amount of the drug given over a period of time

Question 13

Loading dose

Answer 13

Larger initial dose to achieve effects quickly, followed by lesser doses

Question 14

Local administration

Answer 14

Topical application to the skin, mucous membranes, orally, inhalation, for selected respiratory conditions, and iontophorectically (the introduction of an ionized substance (such as a drug) through intact skin by the application of a direct electric current)

Question 15

Oral

Answer 15

Taken by mouth (antidepressant tablets or capsules)

Question 16

Sublingual

Answer 16

Under the tongue (nitroglycerin)

Question 17

Subcutaneous injection

Answer 17

Into the fat layer (insulin)

Question 18

Intramuscular injection

Answer 18

Into the muscle layer (penicillin)

Question 19

Intravenous injection

Answer 19

Directly into the veins (saline for rehydration; morphine, etc.)

Question 20

Inhalation

Answer 20

Into the respiratory tract (albuterol)

Question 21

Intraperitoneal pump

Answer 21

Implantable delivery system (insulin)

Question 22

Parenteral

Answer 22

injection

Question 23

Suppository

Answer 23

Into the rectum (laxative)

Question 24

Generic name

Answer 24

Non-brand name

Question 25

Trade/Proprietary name

Answer 25

Brand name

Question 26

Chemical name

Answer 26

Complex listing of chemicals

Question 27

Homeopathy

Answer 27

A toxin is identified and following dilution by several thousand-fold, the toxin is administered to treat the problem

Question 28

Naturopathy

Answer 28

Natural foods, herbal medicines, home remedies rather than traditional medicines to treat disease and promote health