intro to para

Question 1

area of biology concerned with the dependence of one organism to another

Answer 1

parasitology

Question 2

concerned with parasites of humans and their medical significance

Answer 2

medical parasitology

Question 3

branch of medicine that deals with tropical diseases

Answer 3

tropical medicine

Question 4

an illness that is indigenous to a tropical area

Answer 4

tropical disease

Question 5

the living together of unlike organisms

Answer 5

symbiosis

Question 6

two symbionts are “travelling together”

Answer 6

phoresis

Question 7

two organisms benefits from each other

Answer 7

mutualism

Question 8

two species living together, and one species benefits from the relationship than the other

Answer 8

commensalism

Question 9

a relationship where an organism lives in/on other organism for survival

Answer 9

parasitism

Question 10

a parasite living inside the body

Answer 10

endoparasite

Question 11

parasite living outside the body

Answer 11

ectoparasite

Question 12

a parasite that needs a host to survive

Answer 12

obligate

Question 13

a free living parasite but become parasitic when it gets inside the body

Answer 13

facultative

Question 14

a parasite that enters/attaches to a different host accidentally

Answer 14

accidental

Question 15

a parasite that remains in the host its entire life

Answer 15

permanent

Question 16

a parasite that lives in the host for a short period

Answer 16

temporary

Question 17

a free living parasite that passes through the digestive tract without causing a disease

Answer 17

spurious

Question 18

it provides physical protection and nourishment to the parasite

Answer 18

host

Question 19

a host that attains sexual maturity

Answer 19

definitive host

Question 20

a host that harbors larval stage of the parasite

Answer 20

intermediate host

Question 21

a host that harbors early larval stage of the parasite

Answer 21

1st intermediate host

Question 22

a host that harbors infective larval stage of the parasite

Answer 22

2nd intermediate host

Question 23

has 1 intermediate host

Answer 23

monoxenous

Question 24

has more than 1 intermediate host

Answer 24

heteroxenous

Question 25

a host where the parasite does not develop further to later stages, but is alive and can still infect others

Answer 25

paratenic host

Question 26

any animal that harbors an infection

Answer 26

reservoir

Question 27

infective stage is called
cyst

Answer 27

encysting protozoans

Question 28

has trophozoite as an infective stage

Answer 28

non-encysting protozoans

Question 29

infective stage is called the embryonated egg

Answer 29

egg laying nematode

Question 30

examples of egg laying nematodes

Answer 30

Ascaris lumbricoides
Trichuris trichiuria
Enterobius vermicularis

Question 31

responsible for the transmission of parasite from one host to another

Answer 31

vector

Question 32

• passive transfer
• simply an instrument

Answer 32

mechanical vector

Question 33

• part of the parasite life cycle
• transmission after complete development

Answer 33

biological vector

Question 34

the individual is the source of the infection

Answer 34

autoinfection

Question 35

• “hyperinfection”
• a massive infection
• alteration of life cycle

Answer 35

superinfection

Question 36

avoidance of illness caused by infection (deworming)

Answer 36

morbidity control

Question 37

health education startegy

Answer 37

information-education-communication

Question 38

• planning, organization, performance, and monitoring of activities
• modification/monitoring of factors
• preventing/minimizing vector or immediate host

Answer 38

environmental management

Question 39

involves intervention to reduce environmental health risks (disposal. hygiene)

Answer 39

environmental sanitation

Question 40

provision of access to facilities for safe disposal

Answer 40

sanitation

Question 41

use of anthelminthic drugs in an individual or public health program

Answer 41

deworming

Question 42

deworming drug for parasitic group

Answer 42

representative anti-parasitic drug

Question 43

deworming drug for protozoan

Answer 43

metronidazole

Question 44

deworming drug for nematode

Answer 44

mebendazole

Question 45

deworming drug for trematodes & cestodes (platyhelminthes)

Answer 45

praziquantel

Question 46

refers to the number of previously positive subjects found to be egg negative on examination after deworming

Answer 46

cure rate

Question 47

percentage fall in egg counts after deworming and after treatment

Answer 47

egg reduction rate

Question 48

• individual-level deworming
• hand-picked to be treated

Answer 48

selective treatment

Question 49

group-level deworming

Answer 49

targeted treatment

Question 50

population-level treatment

Answer 50

universal treatment

Question 51

an intervention to a selected population with the aim to reduce morbidity and transmission of helminth infections

Answer 51

preventive chemotherapy

Question 52

permanent reduction to zero of worldwide incidence of infection

Answer 52

disease eradication

Question 53

reduction to zero of the incidence of e specified disease

Answer 53

disease elimination

Question 54

provided with a nucleus or nuclei, cytoplasm, an outer limiting membrane. and cellular elaborations called organelles

Answer 54

protozoa

Question 55

4 types of protozoa

Answer 55

sarcomastigophora
ciliophora
apicocomplexa
microspora

Question 56

3 types of metozoan

Answer 56

platyhelminthes
nemathelminthes
arhtropoda