Intro to Law: Chapter 1 Flashcards
What is a bill?
A law passed by the federal Parliament or a provincial legislature.
What is case law?
Case law is made up of the written decisions of judges in court cases and tribunals.
What is citation?
Citations to judicial decisions. They include the case name, volume number of the reporter, the reporter abbreviation, the page number where the case starts, and the year of the decision. For example, Roe v. Wade, 410 U.S. 113 (1973).
What is civil law?
Civil law is a legal system focused on resolving disputes between individuals and organizations, typically involving private rights and obligations rather than criminal conduct.
What is common law?
Common law is a legal system based on judicial decisions and precedents rather than statutory laws, where past court rulings guide the interpretation and application of the law.
What is a defendant
A legal defendant is an individual or entity being sued or accused in a court of law and required to defend against the legal action brought against them.
What is lobby?
The act of attempting to influence lawmakers, government officials, or public policy decisions through advocacy and persuasion by individuals or groups, often represents specific interests.
What is a plaintiff
A person who initiates a lawsuit in a court of law by filing a complaint against a defendant, seeking a legal remedy for an alleged wrong or injury.
What is precedent
A precedent is a legal principle or rule established in a previous court decision that is binding or persuasive for courts when deciding subsequent cases with similar issues or facts.
What is procedural law?
Procedural law encompasses the rules and guidelines that govern the process and methods by which courts hear and determine what happens in civil, criminal, or administrative proceedings.
What is public law?
Public law governs the relationship between individuals and the state, focusing on issues that affect society.
What is private law?
Private law governs the legal relationships between individuals and private entities, including matters such as contracts, property, torts, and family law, focusing on issues affecting private individuals and organizations rather than the state.
What is rule of law?
All individuals and institutions, including the government, are subject to and accountable under the law, ensuring fairness, predictability, and justice in society.
What is statute?
A statute is a formal written law enacted by a legislative body at the federal, state, or local level that establishes rules, regulations, and procedures for a specific area of governance.
What is substantive law?
Substantive law defines rights, duties, and obligation.
