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INTRO TO HEMATOLOGY Flashcards

1
Q

Explain what Hematology is.

A

It is the study of different blood cells that is present in the body.

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2
Q

To record the phenotypes, genotypes and appearance of different blood cells. What are we going to use?

A

Staining
Counting
Analyzing

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3
Q

Since we are able to record the phenotypes, genotypes and appearance of the different blood cells through staining, counting and analyzing. Therefore, we can accurately __________, ____________, and __________ any disease related to these cells.

A

Predict, Detect, and Diagnose

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4
Q

What test is routinely ordered by all physicians before testing is conducted?

A

Complete Blood Count

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5
Q

What type of fluid is blood?

A

Nutritive fluid

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6
Q

What are the 4 main functions of blood?

A
  1. Transport
  2. Buffer system
  3. Regulation (Maintenance of constant body temperature)
  4. Defense
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7
Q

What does the blood transports?

A

A. Gases
B. Enzymes
C. Waste products
D. Hormones

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8
Q

What function of blood describes this: “Blood assists in the PRESERVATION of almost neutral reaction in the tissues”.

A

Buffer system

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9
Q

The blood is the buffer system of the body. Therefore, what does it maintain?

A

Normal water balance
Fluid distribution

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10
Q

What is normal pH value of the blood?

A

5.8

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11
Q

One of the function of blood is regulation. Therefore, circulating blood _______________ variation in ________________.

A

Minimizes; Local temperaure

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12
Q

The blood contains the cellular structures in the blood that help destroy foreign bodies. What are these?

A

Proteolytic enzymes
Antibodies

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13
Q

What does “phago” or “phage” mean?

A

To eat

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14
Q

What WBC is in charge of engulfing foreign bodies?

A

Macrophage

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15
Q

This is referred to as the biggest cell.

A

Macrophage

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16
Q

What is the linear development of Macrophage?

A

Monocytes

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17
Q

These WBC are also called ___________because these WBC have a hand in presenting the foreign substance to the T-cells and B-cells.

A

Antigens presenting cell

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18
Q

What WBC will first respond to the site of infection?

A

Neutrophils

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19
Q

This WBC will first respond to the site of infection since they are the most abundant in the Blood. However they stay there the shortest time. What is this WBC?

A

Neutrophils

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20
Q

For how long does the Neutrophils stay at the site of infection?

A

6 - 10 hours

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21
Q

What WBC is the most abundant in the BODY?

A

Lymphocytes

22
Q

For whole blood, what is its color?

23
Q

How viscous is blood compared to water?

24
Q

In what state does the blood circulates?

25
Q

How long does it take for the blood to coagulate upon removal from the body?

A

5 - 10 minutes

26
Q

If the body’s pH is 5.8. How about the blood?

A

7.35 - 7.45

27
Q

What is the specific gravity of the whole blood?

A

1.048 - 1.086

28
Q

What is the specific gravity of the serum?

A

1.026 - 1.031

29
Q

What is the specific gravity of the RBC?

A

1.092 - 1.095

30
Q

What is the volume of blood in our body?

A

5 -6 liters (7-8%)

31
Q

For males how many mL of blood per kg body weight?

32
Q

For FEMALES, how many mL per kg body weight?

33
Q

In the composition of blood, what contains the 45%?

A

RBC + Polymorphonuclear cells
- Eosinophil
- Neutrophil

34
Q

In the composition of blood, what does the 1% contains?

A

Platelets + peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs)
- Lymphocytes
- MOnocytes

35
Q

In the composition of blood, what does the 55% contains?

A

Plasma
- Water
-Proteins
- Electrolytes

36
Q

In the composition of blood which part has the clotting factors?

37
Q

When referring to plasma, it is called a “whole blood”. Why?

A

Because it still contains clotting factors which are protein.

38
Q

What PROTEIN in present in the body and is the MOST COMMON CARRIER?

39
Q

What PROTEIN in present in the body and is the MOST COMMON CARRIER?

40
Q

This is a form of protein that migrates similarly to Hemoglobin.

41
Q

The protein structure of Hemoglobin is Quaternary. Therefore, how many heme and globin does it contain?

A

4 globin and 1 Heme

42
Q

What can be found in the Hemoglobin?

43
Q

What happens if too much Albumin is excreted from the intercellular fluid?

A

It leads to Edema

44
Q

What do you call the liquid portion of the anticoagulated blood?

45
Q

What do you call the liquid portion of the coagulated blood?

46
Q

What happens if the blood becomes too acidic?

A

It induces an immune response

47
Q

What term is used to “blood managing swelling”?

A

Normal fluid balance

48
Q

This talks about the origin of the cell and how the cell will stop.

A

Hematopoiesis

49
Q

What is the lifespan of RBC? It reproduces every?

A

120 days; 3 months

50
Q

Thrombocytes came from the word “thrombus” which means?

HEMATOLOGY (5 decks)

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