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HEMA > INTRO TO HEMA > Flashcards

INTRO TO HEMA Flashcards

1
Q

study of blood but it has more to offer aside from knowing the different blood cells

A

hematology

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2
Q

division of medicine that deals with diagnostic laboratory procedures and morphological interpretations related to blood

A

clinical hematology

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3
Q

hema came from the greek word

A

Haima

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4
Q

haima means

A

blood

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5
Q

logy came from the word

A

logos

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6
Q

logos means

A

the study of
the science of

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7
Q

hematology is the science CONCERNED with the study of

A

blood
blood-forming organs
blood disease

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8
Q

hematology includes the study of

A

etiology
diagnosis
treatment
prognosis
prevention of blood diseases

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9
Q

hematology ENCOMPASES the study of

A

hemostatic mechanism
hemorrhagic disease
thrombosis

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10
Q

describe worms in blood

A

Athanasius Kircher

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11
Q

Athanasius Kircher year

A

1657

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12
Q

Father Microbiology
Describe RBCs

A

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

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13
Q

Anton van Leeuwenhoek year

A

1674

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14
Q

Describe WBC
Father of Hematology
Essential clotting factor

A

William Hewson

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15
Q

William Hewson year

A

1770

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16
Q

discovered/identified platelets

A

Alexandre Done

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17
Q

Alexandre Done year

A

1842

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18
Q

Named platelets

A

Guilio Bizzozero

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19
Q

Guilio Bizzozero year

A

late 1800

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20
Q

describe staining techniques to improve microscopic visualization

A

Paul Ehrlich

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21
Q

Paul Ehrlich year

A

1877

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22
Q

importance of fibrin in blood coagulation process

A

Rudolf Virchow

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23
Q

Coined the term thrombosis and embolism

A

Rudolf Virchow

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24
Q

Identified Leukemia

A

Rudolf Virchow

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25
Q

Theory of WBCs are made in response to inflammation

A

Rudolf Virchow

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26
Q

Rudolf Virchow year

A

1821-1902

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27
Q

first clinical description of sickle cell published in medical literature

A

1910

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28
Q

is found to prevent blood from clotting allowing blood to be stored between collection and transfusion

A

sodium citrate

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29
Q

Father of Pediatric Hematology , describe anemia

A

Dr. Louis Diamond

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30
Q

Describe Diamond-Blackfan Anemia. Year

A

1938

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31
Q

Role of platelets in reducing mortality from hemorrhage in cancer patients

A

2000s

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32
Q

lack, without, absent, decreased

A

A/an

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33
Q

Unequal, dissimilar

A

Aniso

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34
Q

prefix: Cell

A

Cyt

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35
Q

Abnormal,dif
ficult, bad

A

Dys

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36
Q

Erythro-

A

Red

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37
Q

Ferr-

A

Iron

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38
Q

Hemo- (hemato-)

A

Pertaining to
blood

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39
Q

-cyte

A

Cell

40
Q

-emia

A

Blood

41
Q

-itis

A

Inflammation

42
Q

-oma

A

Swelling/Tu
mor

43
Q

-opathy

A

Disease

44
Q

-isis

A

Abnormal
disease, Disease

45
Q

-penia

A

Deficiency

46
Q

Meta-

A

After, next or
change

47
Q

Micro-

A

Small

48
Q

Myelo-

A

From the bone marrow, spinal cord

49
Q

Pan-

A

All, overall, all inclusive

50
Q

Phleb-

A

Vein

51
Q

Phago-

A

Eat, Ingest

52
Q

Hypo-

A

Beneath, under, deficient, decreased

53
Q

BASIC HEMATOLOGIC METHODS OF EXAMINATION

A

Quantitative Analysis
Qualitative Analysis

54
Q

QUANTITATIVE Analysis, Determining concentration of:

A

Hemoglobin
Hematocrit
Erythrocyte indices
Leukocyte indices
Thrombocyte indices

55
Q

Establish morphological characteristics of cell in the blood, and blood-forming organs

A

Qualitative Analysis

56
Q

Totality of all the methods used to ensure that all engagements leading to releasing of results are all correct

A

QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAM

57
Q

Broader concept than Quality Control

A

QUALITY ASSURANCE:

58
Q

JCAHO meaning

A

Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations

59
Q

a well defined, organized program designed to enhance patient care through the ongoing objective assessment of important aspects of patient care and the correction of identified problems.

A

Quality Assurance

60
Q

Three Major Activities of Quality Assurance

A

Preventive
Assessment
Corrective

61
Q

4 components of QA Program:

A

Internal Quality Control
External Quality Control
Standardization
. Proficiency surveillance

62
Q

a. Documentation of assay validity, precision, accuracy
b. Includes external quality assessment
c. Aims to reduce the systematic and random errors to zero

A

QUALITY CONTROL

63
Q

Two types of Error

A

Random Error
Systematic errors

64
Q

random error aka

A

“Indeterminate”

65
Q

Systematic errors aka

A

“determinate” or “Bias”

66
Q

Reproducibility or the variation among duplicate or replicate measurements of the same analyte

A

Precision

67
Q

Closeness of measured values to the true values
Agreement between the best estimate of a quantity and its true value

A

Accuracy

68
Q

____ is possible without accuracy

A

precision is possible without accuracy

69
Q

Quality of an analysis can be described in three ways

A
  1. Neither accurate nor precise
  2. Precise but lacking accuracy
  3. Both accurate and precise
70
Q

Specimens for hematologic tests may be acquired through

A

Venipuncture or Skin Puncture

71
Q

Aside from blood, other specimen such as __ and ___ are tested in Clinical Hematology.

A

CSF and Bone
Marrow

72
Q

trained in blood collection, essential to health care
team. Must ensure patient CONFIDENTIALITY.

A

Phlebotomist

73
Q

Attributes of a good phlebotomist

A

Good interpersonal skills
Professional attitude
Neat appearance
Consideration and concern for the patient

74
Q

MOST IMPORTANT STEP in the whole process of
laboratory reporting of results

A

Patient identification

75
Q

Packed cell volume may be decreased an average of __% when the patient is lying down

A

8%

76
Q

Packed cell volume may be decreasedanaverageof8% when the patient is lying down. This is called

A

HEMODILUTION

77
Q

Refers to the diameter or bore of the needle

A

Gauge number

78
Q

routinely used gauge

A

Gauge 20

79
Q

gauge for small, difficult veins

A

Gauge 21

80
Q

Most used needle length:

A

1-1.5 inches

81
Q

Additives (4)

A

Anticoagulant
antigylcolitic
clot activator
separator gel

82
Q

physiologic factors that may affect patient result

A
  1. Posture
  2. Diurnal rhythm
  3. Exercise
  4. Stress
  5. Smoking
  6. Diet
83
Q

Tourniquet is placed ___ inches above the venipuncture site

A

3-4 inches

84
Q

Tourniquet Application should not be exceed __ minutes

A

1-2 minutes

85
Q

Tourniquet Prolonged may cause

A

HEMOCONCENTRATION

86
Q

Substitute for gray top, if no Na+ fluoride/ K+ oxalate

A

Lithium iodoacetate

87
Q

specific concentration for sodium citrate

A

3.2%

88
Q

3.8% Na citrate causes increase in __

A

Hematocrit

89
Q

too small needle may cause ___ DURING PROCEDURE

A

hemolysis

90
Q

skin puncture is usually used if

A
  1. small amount of blood is needed
  2. pediatric patient
91
Q

Skin puncture site for neonates

A

heel/plantar surface

92
Q

skin puncture site for older children

A

finger

93
Q

skin puncture avoids collection of large amounts of blood especially from premature infants as this may result to ___

A

iatrogenic anemia

94
Q

skin puncture is useful in adults with:

A

severe burns and Point-of-care testing (blood sugar monitoring)

95
Q

specimens for routine testing should be delivered to the lab __min - __h of collection

A

45 min - 1 hour

HEMA (4 decks)

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