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Kinesiology > intro to Goni > Flashcards

intro to Goni Flashcards

1
Q

goniometry

A

measure of angles

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2
Q

starting point positions x2

A

anatomical
fundamental (neutral)

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3
Q

ROM

A

arc of motion in degrees between the beginning & end of motion in a specific plane

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4
Q

joints @ zero degrees when …

A

body is in anatomical position (flex/ext, abd/add)
body is neutral (rotation)

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5
Q

hyperextension

A

extension beyond normal

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6
Q

AROM

A

arc of motion voluntarily produced by pts

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7
Q

AROM is limited, painful, or awkward… this needs to be asses further

A

PROM & additional testing to clarify problem

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8
Q

PROM

A

act of motion produced by external force of examiner

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9
Q

pain during PROM ->

A

d/t movement, stretching, or pinching of noncontractile tissues

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10
Q

pain at end PROM ->

A

stretching of contractile/noncontractile structures

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11
Q

pain with AROM

A

contractile tissues

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12
Q

FROM

A

functional ROM, how much ROM is required for functional activity

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13
Q

contractile

A

muscle or tendon

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14
Q

noncontractile

A

cartilage, meniscus, labrum

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15
Q

hypomobility

A

reduced ROM substantially
- end feel is early in ROM & different quality

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16
Q

orthopedic conditions

A

osteoarthritis, spinal disorders, metabolic disorders

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17
Q

immobilization

A

burns or fractures

18
Q

neurological conditions

A

CVA, head trauma, CP< CRPs

19
Q

capsular pattern of restriction

A
  • patho conditions w a joint capsule
  • involves all or most motions of a jt
  • jt effusion, synovial inflammation, relative capsular fibrosis
20
Q

noncapsular pattern

A
  • NOT involving joint capsule
  • more ligament stretching, muscle strains, or mm contractures
  • involves 1 or 2 motions of joint
21
Q

hypermobility

A

joint moves beyond normal limits
- d/t laxity of ST

22
Q

causes of hypermobility x5

A

ehlers-danlos syndrome
trauma to joint
rheumatic disease
Marfan syndrome
osteogenesis imperfecta

23
Q

muscle length test

A

determine whether hypo/hypermobility is caused by the length of mm or other structures

24
Q

max muscle length

A

greatest extensibility of a muscle-tendon unit

25
Q

mm length testing - 1jt mm

A

same as goniometry
measure PROM in opp direction to mm’s active function
- if limited PROM w be limited & end-feel will be firm

26
Q

mm length testing -2jt mm

A

pt positioned so passive tension
(insufficiency) does not limit joint’s ROM
- ex: hip flexion -> knee flex vs ext
to assess length, pt positioned so mm is lengthened over proximal & distal jt that it crosses
- end-feel = firm
- measure ROM in direction opposite to mm’s action @ 2nd joint
- ex: triceps - ROM @ elbow w elbow & shoulder in full flexion

27
Q

stabilization

A
  • requires practice
  • stabilize with 1 hand, simultaneously move distal segment with 2nd hand
  • May require 2nd person to assist at times
28
Q

body of goni

A

contains the scales for obtaining measurement readings

29
Q

moving arm of goni

A

moves with the segment you are assessing

30
Q

stationary arm of goni

A

cannot be moves independently of the body

31
Q

use anatomical _____ to align the goniometer

A

landmarks
- fully exposed, visualized, & palpatable

32
Q

stationary arm alignment

A

parallel to proximal segment

33
Q

fulcrum alignment

A

over the approximate location of the axis of motion

34
Q

moving arm alignment

A

parallel to distal segment

35
Q

this uses gravity’s effect on pointers and fluid levels to measure joint position and motion
- for spinal motion

A

inclinometer

36
Q

T/F: Inclinometers should not be used interchangeably with goniometers

A

true, may provide different results

37
Q

recording goni measurements
(N) =
(WNL) =

A

normal
within normal limits
- record both beginning & end joint positions

38
Q

hypermobility goni recording

A

starting position is listed in hyperextension, then 0, then flexion (or vis versa)

39
Q

precaution x1

A

increase pain w testing

40
Q

contraindications x6

A

joint dislocation/subluxation
unstable fractures
rupture of tendon/ligament
severe osteoporosis
disruptive to the healing process
infectious or acute inflammatory process

Kinesiology (21 decks)

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