Intro To Dental Public Health Flashcards
What are the major health concerns today? (5 points)
- General and oral health
- Antibiotic resistance
- Dental caries
- NCD’s - non-communicable diseases
What is priority 1 of the public health priorities of Scotland?
- A Scotland where we live in vibrant, healthy and safe places and communities
What is priority 2 of the public health priorities of Scotland?
- A Scotland where we flourish in our early years
What is priority 3 of the public health priorities of Scotland?
- A Scotland where we have good mental wellbeing
What is priority 4 of the public health priorities of Scotland?
- A Scotland where we reduce the use of and harm from alcohol, tobacco and other drugs
What is priority 5 of the public health priorities of Scotland?
- A Scotland where we have a sustainable, inclusive economy with equality of outcomes for all
What is priority 6 of the public health priorities of Scotland?
- A Scotland where we eat well, have a healthy weight and are physically active
It is estimated that oral diseases affect at least how many people worldwide?
3.58 billion
What is considered the most prevalent oral disease?
Caries of the permanent teeth
Globally, it is estimated that how many people suffer from caries of the permanent teeth and how many children suffer from caries of the primary teeth?
- 2.4 billion (permanent teeth)
- 486 million (primary teeth)
What types of services are required to tackle the problems of poor oral health? (3 points)
- Treatment
- Screening/anticipatory care
- Prevention: social/environmental
have primary, secondary and tertiary care:
- Primary: GP’s, GDP’s
- Secondary: Hospitals
- Tertiary: Highly specialised units e.g. cleft palates
What is the ‘inverse care law’?
- Principles that communities or individuals with the highest need have the least access
What is meant by the fact that deprived groups often receive inappropriate services?
- There are relatively high rates of emergency care and low rates of scheduled care (episodic/disjointed)
- Don’t have primary care that well located in many communities so they just go to A&E instead which costs more money
In national reports: Recommendation of the future, they suggest reorienting services. What does this mean?
- Primary care system to be focused on prevention of ill health and detection & management of problems at an early stage
- Preventive, anticipatory care where possible rather than only reactive management
What is the definition of anticipatory care?
- Planned intervention to achieve early diagnosis and/or treatment of a condition which may not yet be producing symptoms or recognised as producing symptoms
- Can take many forms. Helps reduce avoidable unscheduled acute admissions for people with ore-existing conditions
- ‘care with an eye to the future’
What is the most common reason for children to be admitted to hospital?
- For GA for extractions
What is the practice of ‘realistic’ medicine/dentistry? (5 points)
- Patient centred
- Shared decision making with patient
- Managing risk better
- Reducing harm and waste
- Become improvers and innovators
What is the definition of public health?
- The science and practice of preventing diseases, promoting health and improving quality of life through the organised efforts of society
- It is about improving POPULATION health
Oral health means more than ‘good teeth’. What does it mean?
- It is integral to general health, it is essential for wellbeing, and is a determinant of quality of life. It allows us to speak, smile, kiss, tough, taste, chew, swallow and cry. Conversely, oral disease can lead to significant time lost from school, work and other activities.
What is the aim of dental public health?
- To improve and tackle inequalities in oral health and health care through appropriate preventive, health promotion, anticipatory care and treatment services
What are the challenges to dental public health? (4 points)
- Reducing oral health inequalities
- Improving oral health
- Oral health importance to general health
- Ageing population
What are the major roles of epidemiology in public health? (6 points)
- Monitoring infectious diseases
- Monitoring non-infectious diseases
- Measuring health & inequalities in health
- Determine risk factors associated with diseases
- Strategic planning
- Evaluation of effectiveness of service provision
What does prevention and (Oral) health improvement require an understanding of?
- Social, political, economic and environmental factors
- Implemented at community and individual patient level
There is correlation between health status and what other 2 factors?
- Social and environmental factors
Factors influencing eating habits and use of fluoride products are major determinants of dental health status. What are examples of these factors? (5 points)
- Not always within control of the individual
- Financial restraints
- Access issues e.g. consumables and health services
- Family, peer pressure
- Education
What are examples of lifestyle choices that have an influence on health? (5 points)
- Eating
- Smoking
- Alcohol
- Physical activity
- Drug misuse
What are examples of life circumstances that have an influence on health? (8 points)
- General education
- Commercial influences
- Peer pressure
- Social isolation
- Environment
- Access
- Culture
- Housing
What are the dimensions of healthcare quality (institute of medicine)? (6 points)
- Person-centred
- Safe
- Effective
- Efficient
- Equitable
- Timely
What are the criteria for public health promotion? (4 points)
- Prevalence of the condition
- Impact of the condition on an individual level e.g. fatal, debilitating
- Impact on wider society e.g. economic costs to country
- Condition is preventable and effective treatments are available
