Intro to common oro-dental conditions in Cats and Dogs

Question 1

Lingually Displaced Mandibular Canine Teeth

Answer 1

unilateral or bilateral
often with with mandibular distclusion (short mandible)
can be painful
will result in extensive palatal defects if left untreated

Question 2

mixed dentition - define

Answer 2

during teething - mix of deciduous + permanent

Question 3

persistent deciduous tooth - define

Answer 3

temp tooth still there when permanent tooth has already erupted

Question 4

persistent deciduous tooth - treatment

Answer 4

dental radiograph - if resorption present
extraction
long thin roots prone to fragmentation

Question 5

supernumerary teeth

Answer 5

often incisor/premolar teeth
crowding can cause periodontal disease - extract more abnormally positioned teeth
some supernumeraries only a cosmetic issue

Question 6

missing teeth causes

Answer 6

hypodontia - congenital absence
impacted or embedded tooth - no eruption
traumatic crown fracture below gingival margin
diagnose by radiograph

Question 7

enamel hypoplasia

Answer 7

enamel develops prior to eruption - hypoplastic enamel

noxius event during tooth development + before eruption

Question 8

abrasion

Answer 8

tooth surface wears against abrasive objects

can cause reparative dentin or pulp exposure if fast

Question 9

attrition

Answer 9

tooth on tooth wear

can cause reparative dentin or pulp exposure if fast

Question 10

fracture types

Answer 10

with pulp exposure
root 
crown + root
chip - no pulp exposure
pulpal blush - near pulp-exposure, pink point showing through dentin

Question 11

intrinsic staining

Answer 11

tooth discoloured from within - blunt trauma

Question 12

pulp exposure - test with sharp explorer

Answer 12

has a hole which tip of explorer will sink

Question 13

reparative dentin

Answer 13

hard continuous surface

sharp explorer shouldn’t stick or sink into

Question 14

commonly overlooked fracture

Answer 14

older slab fracture
often covered with calculus
calculus deposits quicker due to the rough surface
upper fourth premolar

Question 15

draining sinus tract - location

Answer 15

muco-gingival junction

can be explored with blunt probe

Question 16

can fractured teeth be left if no problem

Answer 16

nope
periapical pathology develops soon after trauma - abscess formation inevitable
pain can be v.severe

Question 17

what happens inside fractured tooth?

Answer 17

pulp exposure - microbial invasion - pulpitis - pulp necrosis
periapical pathology - bacteria try get into jaw bone + produce toxins
interactions of bacteria with immune response - pathological changes in jaw bone

Question 18

periapical radiolucency - appearance on radiograph

Answer 18

bulbous shape

loss of lamina dura

Question 19

treatment for fracture on 1st presentation

Answer 19

analgesia

antibiotics

Question 20

definitive treatment of fractured tooth

Answer 20

extraction
vital pulp treatment
root canal therapy

Question 21

oral mass lesions

Answer 21

neoplasia
hyperplasia, cyst, hamartoma
need biopsy + imaging

Question 22

impacted teeth

Answer 22

1st premolar most commonly affected
brachycephalics predisposed
high risk of cyst infection