Intro to Cognition Flashcards
what is cognition
mental processes involved in perception, attention, memory, language, problem solving, reasoning and decision making
what is cognitive psychology
branch of psych concerned with the scientific study of the mind and mental processes
aristotle took interest in…
memory, leaning and mental images
what laws did aristotle introduce
association, contrast….
what did Donder measure
how long it takes a person to make a decision
what was the experiment to measure the time it takes to make a decision
- press button when light
- press R if R and L if L
what approach did Wundt develop
structuralism approach
what is the structuralism approach
overall experience is determined by combining basic elements of experience called sensations
what is Wundt’s method of analytic introspection
participants trained to describe experiences and thought processes in response to stimuli (Imp: replication of experiments)
what did ebbinghaus study
human memory
what was ebbinghaus’ experiment
read a list of nonsens syllables
measures nb or repititions needed to repeat without errors
measure forgetting in different time delays
saving = og time to learn list - time to relearn after delay
savings curve shows saving as a function of retention interval
what is james known for
2 types of memories
observations based on his own mind
what did Tolman study
learning is more abstract
rat maze
placed for 10 days
place food
rats can always find it
COGNITIVE MAP
who and how was Ebbinghaus’ methods rejected
bartlett
meaningful materials (stories)
memory is a process of reconstructing material
schema-based approach is the origin of schema research and inference
what did piaget study
interested in the mind, intelligence and intelligence building in children
what is the information processing approach
way to study the mind based on insights associated with the digital computer
operation of the min occurs in STAGES
1. –> 2. –> 3.
what is the broadbent approach
stimulu–> sensory M–> STM–>LTM
repitition
boradbent=backbent = flèche
what to think about when thinking of methods to study
how much a prs can remember
how accurate can they be
manipulate strategies, input, circumstances
speed (RT)
brain and nervous system
3Q that cognitive psychology can answer about human behavior
- What we pay most attention to in an add (colours/words/images) measured by microscopic eye movements
- How many words we can remember quiet vs when noise (how does auditory intake affect concentration on a memory task)
- Categorize words with priming that determines a sense (how do we categorize things. Is it definite or depends on the environment)
How is cognitive psych relevant to everyday
how we pay attention, memory, perception, language, problem solving, decision making, reasoning
so many things going on at the same time we dont even notice but are super important
which method to infer processes of the brain do you find most interesting and why
brain imaging (neurological), understanding the structure can give a lot of insight on organization and processing
practical applications of cognitive psych
YES,
- learn how much we can pay attention to structure school
- learn where we pay attention for adds
- learn how disabilities affect certain cognitive abilities and not others
how can we study the mind if we cant see it
infer from behavior and performance
neuroimaging
