Attention

Question 1

what is attention

Answer 1

ability to focus on specific stimuli or location in our environment
form of concentration on a mental task

Question 2

2 types of attention

Answer 2

selective and divided

Question 3

what is selective attention

Answer 3

ability to focus on 1 message and ignore all others

Question 4

what process is involved during selective attention

Answer 4

inhibition, block/neglect stimuli being perceived as non-pertinent

Question 5

what types of inhibition

Answer 5

passive inhibition (automaticity) requires less effort
active inhibition, requires more effort, response latency

Question 6

what is divided attention

Answer 6

ability to pay attention to, or carry out 2+ different tasks simultaneously

Question 7

what is the cocktail party effect and dichotic listening

Answer 7

ability to pay attention to 1 convo when a whole bunch are happening around you
ability to listen to 1 message
can tell gender, but cant tell diff language of voice 2
will switch unconsciously to have it make sense

Question 8

what can make divided attention easier or harder

Answer 8

automaticity of the task (easier)
easier when 2 tasks are for different senses

Question 9

what makes something automatic processing

Answer 9

happens without intention
happens unconsciously
doesnt interfere with other mental activities

Question 10

advantages and disadvantages of automatic processing

Answer 10

doesnt require mental attention, multitasking, more productive
might not remember doing it (did I lock the front door)

Question 11

what is controlled processing

Answer 11

when its more difficult to perform 2 tasks at the same time

Question 12

what are the selective attention models

Answer 12

1. broadbent’s filter M
2. Treisman (attenuation M)
3. Deutsch-Norman (late-selection M)

Question 13

what can influence attention

Answer 13

many things
individual, age, experience, expectations, motivation, difficulty, amount info presented, sensory mode, practice,

Question 14

give an example of a situation where you put a lot vs not a lot of your attention to

Answer 14

learning new terms for school: difficult, new, lots of info, visual/audio info, motivated to learn to get a good grade
opening a door: done many times, experience, little sensory input (touch), not difficult

Question 15

how can we measure attention

Answer 15

eye movements
fixation: when eye stays relatively still, allows to see info
saccade: rapid eye movement, scan the image/read a sentence
but is flawed! if u dissociate ur attention, ur eyes are still, doesnt mean you are paying attention

Question 16

how to measure attention in an experiment

Answer 16

response time to move eyes to a target

Question 17

article about attention results

Answer 17

only increased blinking (fearfulness) to fearful faces when paying attention to the faces’ emotions