INTRO TO CLINICAL MICROBIO Flashcards
LESSON 1
Study of living organisms that are too small to be seen by the naked eye.
Microbiology
Deals with the medically important microorganisms and its role in human disease.
Medical microbiology
Focuses on the laboratory identification of medically important microorganism.
Diagnostic bacteriology
A unicellular microbe with no true nucleus
Prokaryotes
A multi-celled microbes that has a complete set of oganelles
Eukaryotes
Microbes that are completely dependent on its affected cell
Viruses
Microbe that has both DNA and RNA
Bacteria
A process that is responsible for bacterial multiplication
Binary fission
Single-celled fungi
Yeast
Multi-celled fungie
Molds
Fungi that is existing in both forms
Dimorphic fungi
Disease causing microorganism
Pathogens
It is a type of pathogen that causes disease in a healthy host
True pathogen
It is a type of pathogen that causes disease in an immunocompromised host (low immunity)
Opportunistic pathogen
Refers to the degree of pathogenicity or the power by which a pathogen can cause severe disease
Virulence
Refers to the entry, invasion, and multiplication of pathogens in or on the host’s body system.
Infection
Infection from external environment
Exogenous infection
Infection from colonizing flora
Endogenous infection
Rapid/sudden onset of signs and symptoms
Acute infection
Gradual onset of signs and symptoms
Chronic Infection
Infection acquired during hospitalization
Nosocomial infection
Animal acquired infection
Zoonotic infection or zoonosis
No obvious appearance of signs and symptoms
Subclinical/Asymptomatic/Nonapparent
Presence of overt signs and symptoms
Clinical/Symptomatic/Apparent
An altered health state in an infected host
Disease
An illness caused by a pathogen which invades body tissues
Infections disease
An infectious disease that can spread from person to person
Communicable disease
Refers to a subjective evidence of a disease/Internal evidence
Symptoms
Refers to a readily observable evidence of a disease/External evidence
Signs
Bacteria that resides inside the human body that usually do not harm the host.
Normal flora/Indigenous flora/Resident flora/Normal Microbiota
Refers to the establishment of a substantial number of microorganisms without tissue penetration. Only in the skin or mucosa
Colonization
First recorded epidemic
Pestilence or plague
1500 BC
Ebers papyrus
1122 BC
Smallpox in China
First appearance in Europe
Syphilis (1943)
First person to see live bacteria
Anton Van Leeuwenhoek
It is the name that Leeuwenhoek created for the small living creatures he observed
Animalcules
He debunked the theory of spontaneous generation
Louis Pasteur
He introduced the terms “aerobes” and “anaerobes”
Louis Pasteur
Microbial killing method
Pasteurization
Discovered that B. anthracis produces spores.
Robert Koch
He discovered M. tuberculosis and Vibrio cholerae
Robert Koch
He discovered the existence of heat-stable forms bacteria
John Tyndall
He establishes “STERILE”
Ferdinand Cohn
He discovered that the mothers who gave birth at home experienced fewer complications
Dr. Oliver Wendell Holmes
Repeated heating and rest
Tyndallization
These are the stains used for histological specimen
Carmine and hematoxylin
Father of hand hygiene
Dr. Ignaz Semmelweis
First to introduce aseptic techniques for wound infections
Joseph Lister
Refers to an organism’s genetic makeup
Genotypic
Whitakker’s tree
Robert Whitakker
Basic rules for classificatons
Carl Von Linne (Linnaeus)
Devised a three domain system
Carl R. Woese
