BACTERIAL CELL COMPONENTS Flashcards
Other term for cell wall
Peptidoglycan or murein layer
Give the 2 other components of cell wall
Phospholipid bilayer and proteins
Most important purpose of the cell wall
Location for Electron transport chain (energy generation)
It gives rigidity to the cell wall
Teichoic acid
It regulates muramidase - a cell wall enzyme
Lipoteichoic acid
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Gram positive organism
Staphylococcus aureus
Gram positive organism
It has a thick murein layer
Gram positive cell wall
It has a thin murein layer
Gram negative cell wall
It has a perplasmic space
Gram negative cell wall
Crystal violet rinsed vigorously before gram’s iodine complex
False gram negative
Prolonged decolorization
False gram negative
Insufficient decolorization
False gram positive
Insufficient primary stain application
False gram positive
Antibiotic treated, degenerating old culture
Gram ghost (only in gram positive)
A characteristic exhibited by gram positive bacteria
Gram variability
Natural gram variability
Mobiluncus spp. and Gardnerella vaginallis
Gram negative cocci
Neisseria spp., Veillonella spp., Moraxella spp. (NVM)
All bacilli are negative except?
MyBELLCRACK
Bacteria that are gram negative because the do not have a CELL WALL
Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma
Spiral (gram negative or gram positive?)
Gram negative
Contains 60% hydrophilic lipids, mainly mycolic acid, that affects the staining
Mycobacterium and Nocardia
A staining method that is best for bacteria containing long chain of fatty wax (mycolic acid)
Acid fast staining
It renders the resistance of bacteria to decolorizers
Mycolic acid
Most common Acid Fast Bacteria
Mycobacteria (Mycobacterium tuberculosis)
Most crucial step in staining
Decolorizing
Color of acid fast bacteria
Pink or red
Color of non-acid fast bacteria
Blue
Decolorizer of Ziehl-Neelsen method
3% Hydrochloric acid (HCl) and 95% ethanol
Why do Kinyuon method does not require heating?
Because of high concentration of phenol in primary stain
Decolorizer of Kinyuon Method
3% Sulfuric acid (H2SO4) and 95% ethanol
Color of stain in Fluorescent method
Bright yellow/orange against dark
A phospholipid bilayer with proteins
Cytoplasmic/plasma membrane
This is where the nucleoid region is attached
Mesosomes
Responsible for protein synthesis
Free ribosomes
Storage of excess nutrients
Inclusion bodies
It contains lipids
Much granules
Contains polyphosphates
Volutin
Safety pin appearance
Bipolar bodies
Storage of excess nutrients
Inclusion bodies
Special stain for bipolar bodies
WAYSON and Methylene blue
Resting/hibernating stage of bacteria when exposed to unfavorable environment
Endospores/bacterial spores
Shorter and thinner than flagella; Mostly found in gram negative bacteria
Pili or Pilus
A pili that is used for adherence to one another, host, cells, and environment surfaces
Common/somatic/Ordinary Pili
A pili that is responsible for bacterial conjugation
Sex/Fertility/F Pilus
This allows the bacteria to move from one place to another
Flagella or flagellum
Protein found in flagella
Flagellin
Helpful for serological typing and identifying species (Salmonella spp.)
H antigen
Uniform and condensed material that is firmly attached to the bacteria
Capsule
Loose, thick, viscous, unorganized material that is not firmly attached to the bacteria
Slime layer
