intro to a&p

Question 1

What is the study of the structures of the body called?

Answer 1

Anatomy

Anatomy focuses on the physical structures of organisms.

Question 2

What is the study of the function of the body called?

Answer 2

Physiology

Physiology examines how body structures work and interact.

Question 3

What is a body cavity?

Answer 3

Hollow area of the body containing organs

Body cavities are essential for organ placement and function.

Question 4

What are the two basic sections of the human body?

Answer 4

• Axial section
• Appendicular section

The axial section includes the head, neck, and trunk; the appendicular section includes the arms and legs.

Question 5

What is the ventral cavity?

Answer 5

Cavity in the front part of the body

It can be subdivided into the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities.

Question 6

What is the dorsal cavity?

Answer 6

Cavity in the back part of the body

It can be subdivided into the cranial cavity and spinal canal.

Question 7

What separates the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities?

Answer 7

Diaphragm

The diaphragm is a muscular structure that aids in respiration.

Question 8

What does the cranial cavity contain?

Answer 8

Brain

The cranial cavity houses and protects the brain.

Question 9

What does the spinal canal contain?

Answer 9

Spinal cord

The spinal canal provides a protective passage for the spinal cord.

Question 10

List some smaller cavities in the body.

Answer 10

• Oral (teeth, tongue)
• Nasal (sinuses)
• Orbital (eyes and associated muscles, nerves)
• Middle ear (middle ear bones)

These smaller cavities have specialized functions related to their locations.

Question 11

What is the anatomical term for the foot?

Answer 11

Pes

Anatomical terms provide specificity for body parts.

Question 12

What is the anatomical term for the shin?

Answer 12

Crus

Understanding anatomical terms is crucial for clear communication in medicine.

Question 13

What does ‘superior’ mean in positional terms?

Answer 13

Above

Superior is used to describe the position of body parts relative to each other.

Question 14

What does ‘inferior’ mean in positional terms?

Answer 14

Below

Inferior is the opposite of superior.

Question 15

What does ‘anterior’ mean?

Answer 15

Towards the front

Anterior is used to describe the front of the body.

Question 16

What does ‘posterior’ mean?

Answer 16

Towards the back

Posterior indicates the back side of the body.

Question 17

What does ‘medial’ mean?

Answer 17

Toward the midline of the body

Medial is used to describe the position of body parts in relation to the center.

Question 18

What does ‘lateral’ mean?

Answer 18

Away from the midline

Lateral is used to describe parts that are further from the center of the body.

Question 19

What does ‘proximal’ mean?

Answer 19

Towards the trunk of the body

Proximal is often used to describe the position of limbs.

Question 20

What does ‘distal’ mean?

Answer 20

Away from the trunk

Distal is typically used when describing the position of limbs.

Question 21

What does ‘superficial’ mean?

Answer 21

Toward the surface

Superficial is used to describe structures that are closer to the body surface.

Question 22

What does ‘deep’ mean?

Answer 22

Under the surface

Deep refers to structures that are further away from the body surface.

Question 23

What does ‘ipsilateral’ mean?

Answer 23

On the same side

Ipsilateral is used to describe structures located on the same side of the body.

Question 24

What does ‘contralateral’ mean?

Answer 24

On the opposite side

Contralateral refers to structures located on opposite sides of the body.