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Driving permit > Intro (TLSAE) > Flashcards

Intro (TLSAE) Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the most popular drug for those under 21

A

Alcohol

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2
Q

How many high school seniors have had alcohol

A

about 4/5, 1/3 of which have drank heavily

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3
Q

3 most popular alcohols

A

beer, wine, liquor

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4
Q

Does alcohol give you energy?

A

No

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5
Q

Reason for prohibition

A

Health issues

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6
Q

Are heavier people less affected by alcohol?

A

Yes

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7
Q

Can beer permanently damage you?

A

Yes, in large amounts

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8
Q

Do women or men get drunk faster?

A

Women

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9
Q

7 drug categories

A

Medicine, stimulants, depressants, marijuana, inhalants, opioids, and hallucinogens

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10
Q

Stimulants

A

give you energy and a sense of well-being
i.e. cocaine, crack cocaine, and methamphetamine, caffeine, and nicotine

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11
Q

Biggest supporter of cocaine

A

Sigmund Freud, father of psychoanalysis. He tested it on himself and recorded observations, and wanted to use it cure his best friend’s morphine addiction. He maid the numbing qualities well known.

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12
Q

Depressants (aka sedatives) i.e.

A

i.e. alcohol, roofies, liquid ectasy, and xanax

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13
Q

Four classes of depressants

A

1) General sedatives (e.g., barbiturates)

2) Benzodiazepines (e.g., Rohypnol)

3) Sleeping pills (e.g., Ambien)

4) GHB, also called liquid Ecstasy (Figure 19)

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14
Q

Hallucinogens

A

i.e. LSD
-Cause hallucinations
-Common hallucination is hearing voices though no one has spoken and crawling feeling on skin. A third is seeing lights or objects that aren’t there.

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15
Q

Opioids

A

i.e heroin
-found in some poppies

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16
Q

Inhalants

A
  • Include solvents, ether, paints, sprays, amyl nitrite and many gaseous anesthesia agents such as nitrous oxide.
    -Inhaled
    -Most toxic of all the mentioned drugs
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17
Q

Marijuana

A

-Produces sedative affects and also is mildly hallucinogenic.
-Nearly all people who have tried marijuana at least once in their life time did so when they were teenagers.

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18
Q

Medicine

A

These include prescription drugs and over-the-counter drugs.

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19
Q

Esophagus and the digestive system

A

Swallowed food travels down the esophagus
-Muscular tube that leads to our stomach
- the esophagus pushes our food along by a muscle action called peristalsis

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20
Q

Stomach and the digestive system

A
  • muscular walls of stomach expand to accommodate Foods we eat
    -Fatty foods usually stay longer
    -carbs stay shortwsy
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21
Q

Small intestine in the digestive system

A

-After the stomach the, digested food goes to the small intestine
- enzymes break down food further into simple molecules to be used by cells
- one important function of a small intestine is to absorb the nutrients from the digestive food into the bloodstream

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22
Q

The large intestine and the digestive system

A

Food that has not completely digested goes into our large intestine. The large intestine is where water is reabsorbed. The undigested food move down to the rectum and are excreted

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23
Q

Organs of the alimentary canal

A

Mouth esophagus stomach small intestine and large intestine

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24
Q

Helper organs

A

Teeth, tongue, salivary glands, gallbladder, liver, pancreas, and bile duct

25
Q

Salivary glands

A

In the mouth, secrete saliva, salivary Clans help some drugs get absorbed into the blood vessels lining your mouth

26
Q

Stomach and the digestive system

A

Process of digestion kicks into high gear, secretes Lots of gastric juices, which then is passed on to the small intestine where the nutrients are absorbed into the body

27
Q

Where is most of alcohol absorbed

A

Small intestine

28
Q

Liver and the digestive system

A

Breaks down drugs and alcohol

29
Q

Right side of heart

A

Receives blood to all parts of the body

30
Q

Best side of the heart

A

Pumps all blood to the body

31
Q

Two types of blood vessels

A

Arteries and veins

32
Q

Arteries carry

A

Oxygenated blood

33
Q

Veins carry

A

Deoxygenated blood

34
Q

Blood main component

A

Red blood cells

35
Q

Cardiovascular system

A
  1. Blood returns to the heart after it drops off its oxygen to the body cells
  2. The heart pumps the blood to the lungs for reload
  3. Heart pumps reloaded blood it receives from the lung to the body
36
Q

3 parts of the cardiovascular system

A
  1. The heart
  2. The blood vessels
  3. The blood cells
37
Q

Drugs smoked or inhaled

A

Travel directly to the heart, which delivers the drug as fast as possible

38
Q

4 heart valves

A

Right: Tricuspid valve and pulmonary valve
Left: Mitral valve and aortic valve

39
Q

How the heart pumps

A

This the blood enters the right atrium, then the right ventricle, and then it is pumped to the lungs. Here, it picks up oxygen and head straight back to the heart. It also picks up drugs here of exist. Finally, the blood goes into the black ventricle and then is pumped directly into the body including the brain.

40
Q

Functions of the nervous system

A
  1. Seat of personality
  2. Seat of memory
  3. Seat of learning
  4. Maintain the bodies internal environment
  5. Respond to external environment
  6. Provide motor control
41
Q

The amygdala, responsible for our memory and emotion, is

A

Especially sensitive to drugs and alcohol

42
Q

Spinal cord

A

Connect the brain with other parts of our body

43
Q

Peripheral nervous system

A

Network of smaller nerves that connect the brain and spinal cord with every cell in our body

44
Q

Neurons

A

Billions of nerve cells make up the nervous system. Messages travel from one cells dendrite to another cells dendrite by traveling across the Axon. Travel are nearly at the speed of light

45
Q

Synapse

A

The space between the dentrovite of one nerve cell in the axon of the next. Greatly impacted by drugs and alcohol

46
Q

Central nervous system

A

Center for personality, memory, and fommand center for our actions.

47
Q

Peripheral nervous system

A

The network that carries out all of the commands from the brain that control our actions and also returns signals back to the central nervous system for review.

48
Q

2 main functions of peripheral system

A

-Conscious and voluntary actions
-Unconscious or involuntary actions

49
Q

Somatic nervous system

A

Responsible for voluntary actions
-Controls bodily movement and functions
-Connects brain to myscles

50
Q

Automatic or autonomic nervous system

A

-Involuntary actions
-Regulates internal environment
-Connects brain with internal organs

51
Q

Brain

A

Target organ for alcohol and drugs
Affects:
-Personality
-Memory
-Learning
-Maintenance of the internal environment
-Response to external environment
-Motor control

52
Q

Two types of nerve cells

A

Excitory-speed up when active- and inhibitory-slow down when active.

53
Q

Alcohol causes nerve cells to

A

Behave erratically

54
Q

Methanol

A

Fuel, shampoo, plastic bottles, fleece jackets

55
Q

Ethanol

A

Alcoholic drinks, fuel, solvent

56
Q

Propanol

A

Disinfectant, cleaning agent, solvent

57
Q

Propanol

A

Disinfectant, cleaning agent, solvent

58
Q

Butanol

A

Solvent, ingredient in perfumes

59
Q

Pentanol

A

Fuel additive? Solvent, corrosion inhibitor

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