Intro Test

Question 1

Origin of the word “Genocide

Answer 1

Greek word Geno (race, tribe) w/ Latin word Cide (killing)

Question 2

Who created the term genocide

Answer 2

Jewish lawyer Raphael Lemkin

Question 3

Why was the term genocide created

Answer 3

describe Nazi policies of systematic murder & execution

Question 4

UN Convention’s definition of Genocide

Answer 4

“acts committed with intent to destroy, in whole or in part, a national, ethnic, racial or religious group, as such.”

Question 5

What makes genocide and crimes agaisnt humantiy differernt

Answer 5

Crimes against humanity focuses on the killing of large numbers of individuals. The systematic, mass killing of a very large number of individuals
Genocide focuses not on the killing of individuals, but on the destruction of groups.

Question 6

Definition of Crimes Against Humanity

Answer 6

a deliberate act, typically as part of a systematic campaign, that causes human suffering or death on a large scale.

Question 7

Definition of War Crimes

Answer 7

an action carried out during the conduct of a war that violates accepted international rules of war.
like rape or torture during war

Question 8

4 Main Types of Genocide

Answer 8

Ideological Genocide
Retributive Genocide
Developmental Genocide
Despotic Genocide

Question 9

Ideological Genocide

Answer 9

• An effort to achieve a social structure in which all members of society are alike or hold the same beliefs

Question 10

Retributive Genocide

Answer 10

• When one group dominates another group and fears its rebellion or when the other group actually rebels

Question 11

Developmental Genocide

Answer 11

• Undertaken for economic gain i.e. building, mining, expansion of territory, access to resources, etc.

Question 12

Despotic Genocide

Answer 12

Carried out by dictators or powerful leaders and intended to spread terror among real or potential enemies

Question 13

Classicide

Answer 13

• The intended mass killing of entire social classes
  Starvtion of peasents

Question 14

Democide

Answer 14

the murder of any person or people by a government

Question 15

Ecocide

Answer 15

• The willful destruction of the natural environment and ecosystems through pollution, famine, deforestation, etc.

Question 16

Eliticide

Answer 16

• The destruction of members of the socioeconomic elite of a targeted group – political leaders, military officers, religious leaders, cultural/intellectual figures

Question 17

Ethnocide

Answer 17

• Destroying the culture of a group without necessarily killing members
  prohibition of the use of a mother tongue, distortion of history, and discrimination in access to cultural resources.

Question 18

Femicide/Feminicide

Answer 18

• The systematic murder of females for being female

Question 19

Fratricide

Answer 19

• The killing of opposing political enemies within political (notably communist) movements

Question 20

Gendercide

Answer 20

• The selective destruction of the male or female component of a group, or of sexual minorities (i.e. homosexuals)

Question 21

Infanticide

Answer 21

• The intentional killing of babies for reasons related to social policies, elimination of breeding possibilities, and religious influence.

Question 22

Judeocide

Answer 22

• The specific reference to the Nazi extermination of European Jews

Question 23

Linguicide

Answer 23

• The destruction and displacement of languages to weaken and eliminate the power and identity of a culture

Question 24

Memoricide

Answer 24

• The attempt to completely eliminate the very memory of a group – its language, culture, influence, etc.

Question 25

Omnicide

Answer 25

• The complete elimination of humankind and other life forms

Question 26

Politicide

Answer 26

• The mass killing carried out by a specific political party or an affiliation of it.

Question 27

Poorcide

Answer 27

• The destruction of the poor through structural and cyclical poverty.

Question 28

Gregory H. Stanton

Answer 28

is the founding president and chairman of Genocide Watch.

Question 29

the 8 Stages of Genocide

Answer 29

Classification
Symbolization
Dehumanization
Organization
Polarization
Preparation
Extermination
Denial

Question 30

Classification

Answer 30

All cultures have categories to distinguish people into “us and them” by ethnicity, race, religion, or nationality:

Question 31

Symbolization

Answer 31

We give names or other symbols to the classifications.
When combined with hatred, symbols may be forced upon unwilling members of pariah groups:
Classification and symbolization are universally human and do not necessarily result in genocide unless they lead to the next stage, dehumanization.

Question 32

Dehumanization

Answer 32

One group denies the humanity of the other group. Members of it are equated with animals, vermin, insects or diseases.

Question 33

Organization

Answer 33

Genocide is always organized, usually by the state, often using militias to provide deniability of state responsibility (the Janjaweed in Darfur.)

Question 34

Polarization

Answer 34

Extremists drive the groups apart. Hate groups broadcast polarizing propaganda.
information, especially of a biased or misleading nature, used to promote or publicize a particular political cause or point of view.

Question 35

Preparation

Answer 35

They are often segregated into ghettoes, deported into concentration camps, or confined to a famine-struck region and starved.
At this stage, a Genocide Emergency must be declared.
Victims are identified and separated out because of their ethnic or religious identity.

Question 36

Extermination

Answer 36

It is “extermination” to the killers because they do not believe their victims to be fully human.

Question 37

Denial

Answer 37

The perpetrators of genocide dig up the mass graves, burn the bodies, try to cover up the evidence and intimidate the witnesses. They deny that they committed any crimes, and often blame what happened on the victims.

Question 38

Motive

Answer 38

The reason(s) or excuse(s) used to justify genocidal activity
* Specific motive not required
-Feelings of racial, cultural, religious, or ethnic superiority
-* Desire for territorial expansion
-* Revenge against a group for previous conflicts

Question 39

Intent

Answer 39

• Intent: The planned destruction or execution of a group or groups
• Specific Intent is required!
  How intent can be proven:
  # of victims selected only by membership of specific group
• Commission/approval of acts to systematically destroy group(s)
• Repetition of destructive or discriminatory acts