Intro test 1 Flashcards
Phonological disorder
Error of many phonemes that form patterns or clusters
What is language?
Is a form of social behavior l, shaped and maintained by a verbal community.
Motors speech disorders
Movement of the speech mechanism has been impaired due to nerve damage
What is Language. #2
System of symbols and codes
5 components of communication
Voice, articulation, language, fluency, and hearing
Voice info
Oral communication by larynx, vocal folds, carries value in message.
Articulation info
Is the movement of the speech mechanism to produce the sounds of speech.
What is phonology
Phonology is the study of how speech sounds and sound patterns used to create words.
What is phonetics
Production, perception and classification of speech sounds
Phone
A single speech sound
Phoneme
Group of speech sounds
Oral Language
Production of organized speech
Expressive language
Language produced
Receptive language
Language understood
What is linguistics?
The study of language, it’s structures and the rules that govern structure
Morphology
The study of structure
Morpheme
The smallest meaningful unit of language
Free and bound morphemes
Book and books
What is syntax and examples
Arrangement of sentence structures
What is semantics
Study of meaning.
Content theory
Phrases and sentences hold their meaning.
Referent theory
Meaning of a word is the object, person or event to which it refers.
Cognitive process
Look at page 13
Pragmatics
Is the study of the rules they govern the use of language in social situations.
Speech acts
Every Utterance
Mands
Functional unit of verbal behaviors that is caused by deprivation
Tact
A group of verbal responses that describe and comment on the things and events around the speaker.
Echoics
Imitate verbal responses whose stimuli are the speech of another person
Intraverbals
Are a group of verbal responses that are stimulated by the speakers own prior verbal responses
Autoclitics
Secondary verbal responses that help point out the causes of primary verbal responses.
Fluency
Is easy, smooth, flowing and relatively effortless speech
Prosody
Prosody variations in rate, pitch, loudness, stress, intonation and rhythm of continua speech. Can be effected.
Hearing
Normal hearing is needEd for typical acquisition of speech and language behaviors
Disordered speech
Deviated from the speech of other persons, calls attention to itself, interferes with communication and often causes distress in both the speaker and listener
Communication disorder
Look at slide
Organic disorder
Communications are thought to be caused by some defect int the neurophysiological mechanism of speech
Functional disorder
Communication are those that do not have a demonstrable organic or neurological cause.
Idiopathic
Also known and functional disorder- means it’s unknown origin
Congenital disorder
Based on age of onset: noticed at the time of birth or soon there after
Acquired
Communications disorder is described as this when there has been a period of normal communication
Descriptive
Clinician looks at the particular aspect of communication that is disordered and describes the kinds of difficulties the person experiences
Asphonia
Is a total loss of voice, a somewhat rare but an extreme disorder of voice.
Dysphonia
All other kinds of voice disorders, and it may affect one or more aspects of voice.
Language disorder
Difficulties in the acquisition of language
Cluttering
Impaired fluency and rapid but disordered articulation.
Stuttering
Disorder of fluency with excessive amounts or excessively long durations of disfluency, which often combined with tension, struggle and related behaviors.
Conductive hearing loss
The sound transmission from outer or middle ear to the inner ear is impaired.
Otitis media
Also known as middle ear infection, due to cold, allergy, and other reasons. May cause inefficient sound transmission to inner ear
Otosclerosis
Tiny bones of middle ear do not vibrate normally because of soft, spongy growth in them.
Sensorineural hearing loss
Inner ear, the auditory nerve that transmits sound to the brain, or both may be impaired
Prevalence
Number of individuals that are currently have a particular disorder
Anoxia
Lack of oxygen, can damage the hearing mechanism and cause sensorineural hearing loss
Presbycusis
Reduction of hearing sensitivity of older people
Etiology
Organic and functional
