Intro Terms Flashcards

1
Q

Anterior

A

near the front of the body (ventral)

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2
Q

Posterior

A

nearer the back of the body (dorsal)

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3
Q

Superior

A

near to the head (cranial and cephalic)

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4
Q

Inferior

A

towards the feel (caudal)

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5
Q

Medial

A

towards the median plane

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6
Q

Lateral

A

away from the median plane

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7
Q

Median Plane

A

vertical plane passing longitudinally through the body anterior to posterior

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8
Q

sagittal plane

A

vertical plane parallel to the median plane

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9
Q

coronal plane

A

passing through the body at right angle to median plane, dividing body into anterior and posterior portions

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10
Q

horizontal plane

A

passing through the median and coronal plane, dividing the body into superior and inferior parts (transverse plane)

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11
Q

proximal

A

nearest to he trunk or point of origin

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12
Q

distal

A

farthest from then trunk of point of origin

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13
Q

ipsilateral

A

on the same side of the body

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14
Q

contralateral

A

on the opposite side of the body

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15
Q

flexion

A

bending or decreasing the angle between body parts

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16
Q

extension

A

straightening or increasing the angle between body parts

17
Q

aBduction

A

moving away from the median plane

18
Q

aDduction

A

moving toward the median plane

19
Q

rotations

A

medial and lateral movements around a long axis

20
Q

circumduction

A

circular movements combining flexion, extension, abduction, adduction

21
Q

eversion

A

moving the sole of the foot away form the median plane

22
Q

inversion

A

moving the sole of the foot towards the median plane

23
Q

supination

A

rotating the forearm and hand laterally so that the palm is anterior

24
Q

pronation

A

rotating the forearm and hand medially so that the palm is posterior

25
Q

opposition

A

movement by which the first digit pad is brought to another digit pad

26
Q

scapular adduction retraction

A

squeeze shoulder blades together

27
Q

concentric contraction

A

active shortening of muscle

28
Q

eccentric contraction

A

active controlled lengthening of muscle, usually occurs during slow, controlled movements against gravity

29
Q

anatomical muscle action

A

when a given muscle shortens form its distal attachment to its proximal attachment

30
Q

revers action

A

concentric contraction when a muscle’s proximal attachment moves towards its distal attachment, distal attachment is fixed

31
Q

lowering your forearm from a full flexed elbow holding a 5 lb weight is a ________ contraction

A

eccentric

32
Q

pulling yourself up to a chin up bar above your head is a ________ contraction

A

concentric (and revers)

33
Q

active insufficiency

A

inability of a 2 join muscle to exert active tension when it has shortened over all of its articulations

34
Q

passive insufficiency

A

inability of a 2 joint muscle to lengthen passively over all its articulations simultaneously and thereby preventing normal range of motion at one of the joints it crosses