Intro Terms

Question 1

Anterior

Answer 1

near the front of the body (ventral)

Question 2

Posterior

Answer 2

nearer the back of the body (dorsal)

Question 3

Superior

Answer 3

near to the head (cranial and cephalic)

Question 4

Inferior

Answer 4

towards the feel (caudal)

Question 5

Medial

Answer 5

towards the median plane

Question 6

Lateral

Answer 6

away from the median plane

Question 7

Median Plane

Answer 7

vertical plane passing longitudinally through the body anterior to posterior

Question 8

sagittal plane

Answer 8

vertical plane parallel to the median plane

Question 9

coronal plane

Answer 9

passing through the body at right angle to median plane, dividing body into anterior and posterior portions

Question 10

horizontal plane

Answer 10

passing through the median and coronal plane, dividing the body into superior and inferior parts (transverse plane)

Question 11

proximal

Answer 11

nearest to he trunk or point of origin

Question 12

distal

Answer 12

farthest from then trunk of point of origin

Question 13

ipsilateral

Answer 13

on the same side of the body

Question 14

contralateral

Answer 14

on the opposite side of the body

Question 15

flexion

Answer 15

bending or decreasing the angle between body parts

Question 16

extension

Answer 16

straightening or increasing the angle between body parts

Question 17

aBduction

Answer 17

moving away from the median plane

Question 18

aDduction

Answer 18

moving toward the median plane

Question 19

rotations

Answer 19

medial and lateral movements around a long axis

Question 20

circumduction

Answer 20

circular movements combining flexion, extension, abduction, adduction

Question 21

eversion

Answer 21

moving the sole of the foot away form the median plane

Question 22

inversion

Answer 22

moving the sole of the foot towards the median plane

Question 23

supination

Answer 23

rotating the forearm and hand laterally so that the palm is anterior

Question 24

pronation

Answer 24

rotating the forearm and hand medially so that the palm is posterior

Question 25

opposition

Answer 25

movement by which the first digit pad is brought to another digit pad

Question 26

scapular adduction retraction

Answer 26

squeeze shoulder blades together

Question 27

concentric contraction

Answer 27

active shortening of muscle

Question 28

eccentric contraction

Answer 28

active controlled lengthening of muscle, usually occurs during slow, controlled movements against gravity

Question 29

anatomical muscle action

Answer 29

when a given muscle shortens form its distal attachment to its proximal attachment

Question 30

revers action

Answer 30

concentric contraction when a muscle’s proximal attachment moves towards its distal attachment, distal attachment is fixed

Question 31

lowering your forearm from a full flexed elbow holding a 5 lb weight is a ________ contraction

Answer 31

eccentric

Question 32

pulling yourself up to a chin up bar above your head is a ________ contraction

Answer 32

concentric (and revers)

Question 33

active insufficiency

Answer 33

inability of a 2 join muscle to exert active tension when it has shortened over all of its articulations

Question 34

passive insufficiency

Answer 34

inability of a 2 joint muscle to lengthen passively over all its articulations simultaneously and thereby preventing normal range of motion at one of the joints it crosses