Brachium Flashcards

1
Q

shoulder movements

A

forward flexion (sagittal plane)
extension (post sagittal plane)
abduction (coronal plane or scapular plane)
adduction
horizontla abduction (horizontal plane starting at 90* flexion)
horizontal adduction
int & ext rotation (medial and lateral rotation)
each of four articulation adds to shoulder motion: glenohumeral, screamioclavicular, sternoclavicular, and scapulothoracic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

pectoralis major attachments

A

clavicular head: from the anterior surface of medial half of the clavicle
sternocostal head: anterior surface of sternum and first 6 costal cartilage and from aponeurosis of external oblique
distal attachment: lateral lip of intertubercular groove of humerus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

pectorals major action

A

clavicular head: flex and adduct humerus across middle
sternal head: adduct and internal rotate humerus if arm is in a flexed and abducted position
reverse action: elevates thorax, accessory muscle in respiration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

pectorals major innervation

A

medial pectoral n.: C8, T1

lateral pectoral n: C5,6,7

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

aponeurosis

A

collagen fibers organized in a certain direction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

distal attachment of pectorals major

A

lateral lip intertubercular groove of humerus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

pectoralis minor location

A

from anterior surface exterior surface of ribs 3-5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

pectoralis minor attachment

A

distal attachment to upper surface of coracoid process

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

pectoralis minor actions

A

stabilizes scapula by drawing it inferiorly and anteriorly against the thoracic wall, depresses the tip of the shoulder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

pectoralis minor innervations

A

medial pectoralis n.: C8, T1

and lateral pectoralis n.: C5,6,7

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

subclavius muscle location

A

from junction of 1st rib and its costal cartilage to inferior surface of middle 1/3 of clavicle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

subclavius action

A

depresses and anchors the clavicle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

subclavius innervation

A

nerve to subclavius (C5,6)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

axillary artery location

A

continuation of subclavian artery (changes at lateral border of 1st rib)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

axillary artery portions

A

1st portion: supreme thoracic artery
-tucked really high up between rib 1 and 2
2nd portion : two branches
- thoracoacromial trunk (4 branches: acromial, clavicular, pectoral, deltoid artery)
- lateral thoracic artery (feeds pectoral muscles)
3rd portion: three branches
- subscapular artery (circumflex scapular and thoracodorsal artery)
- anterior humeral circumflex artery
- posterior humeral circumflex artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

brachial artery location

A

begins at inferior border of teres major (continuation of axillary artery)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

branches of brachial artery

A
  1. profunda brachii artery
    - travels with radial nerve in radial groove and divides into:
    - –radial collateral artery (anastomosis with radial recurrent artery) and
    - –middle collateral artery (anastomosis with posterior interosseous recurrent artery)
  2. superior ulnar collateral artery (anastomosis with posterior ulnar recurrent artery)
  3. inferior ulnar collateral artery (anastomosis with anterior ulnar recurrent artery)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

humerus positioning

A

articulates with glenoid cavity superiorly and radius/ulna inferiorly
head faces medial, slightly posterior, and superiorly at 135*
greater tubercle-laterally
lesser tubercle- anteriorly
intertubercular groove houses biceps brachia tendon

19
Q

scapula location

A

connects to sternum via the clavicle
articulates with head of humerus at gleaned fossa
anatomically located between ribs 2 and 7

20
Q

scapula parts

A

body
spine: posterior and ends at accordion process laterally
coracoid process: anterior, is a muscles attachment
glenoid cavity: faces slightly anterior and lateral
2 surfaces: costal (ribs side) and dorsal

21
Q

scapular borders

A

superior
medial
lateral

22
Q

scapula angles

A

superior
inferior
lateral

23
Q

dorsal surface of scapula

A

suprasinous fossa (located on costal surface)
infraspinous fossa
spinoglenoid notch
spine and root of the spine

24
Q

facet

A

small smooth area of bone usually for articulation

25
Q

sternum

A

comprised of manubrium, body, and xiphoid process

26
Q

manubrium of sternum

A

jugular notch at TV3
clavicular notch
articulates with 1st and 2nd costal cartilage and clavicle

27
Q

sternal angle

A

located at TV4-5

junction of manubrium with body

28
Q

body of sternum articulations

A

ribs 2-7

29
Q

brachial plexus

A

found in neck and axilla, deep to pectorals major and minor
descends posterior to concavity of medial 2/3 of clavicle
junior of ventral rami C5,6,7,8, T1
accompanies axillary artery and vein

30
Q

upper trunk

A

ventral rami C5,6

31
Q

middle trunk

A

ventral ramus C7

32
Q

lower trunk

A

ventral rami C8 and T1

33
Q

trunks divide into

A

anterior and posterior divisions (found deep to clavicle)

34
Q

cords are named

A

based on location in relation to axillary artery

35
Q

lateral cord

A

anterior divisions of upper and middle trunk

36
Q

posterior cords

A

posterior divisions of upper, middle, and lower trunks

37
Q

medial cord

A

anterior division of lower trunk

38
Q

dorsal scapular nerve

A

(C4) C5 ventral ramus

innervated rhomboid major and minor (retractors of scapula)

39
Q

long thoracic nerve

A

C5,6,7 ventral rami

innervates serratus anterior (protractor and upward rotator of scapula)

40
Q

nerve branches off upper trunk

A
suprascapular nerve (C5,6) innervates supraspinatur and infraspinatus, AC and GH joints 
nerve to subclavius (C5,6) innervates subclavius muscle
41
Q

lateral cord branches

A

lateral pectoral n. (C5,6,7)
musculocutaneous n. (C5,6)
(lat. contribution to) axillary n. (C5,6,7)

42
Q

medial cord branches

A
medial pectoral n. (C8,T1)
medial brachial cutaneous n. (C8,T1)
medial antebrachial cutaneous n. (C8,T1)
ulnar n. (C7,8,T1)
(med. contribution to) median n. (C8,T1)
43
Q

posterior cord branches

A
upper subscapular n. (C5,6)
thoracodorsal n. (C6,7,8)
lower subscapular n. (C5,6)
axillary n. (C5,6)
radial n. (C5,6,7,8,T1)