Intro/Gross? Flashcards
What does the motor cortex do?
- controls contralateral limbs
- moves eyes to opposite side
- moves head to opposite side
what cranial motor nerves control the eyes?
CN III, IV, VI
What cranial motor nerves control the head?
CN XI
What are the cranial motor nerves that control the larynx?
CN X
The LEFT visual field is processed by what?
right thalamus and right cortx
the RIGHT visual field is processed by what?
left thalamus and left cortex
What would you be testing when checking the mental status?
the cerebrum
what would you be testing when checking the cranial nerves?
the brainstem
the motor and sensory exam check what?
- cerebrum
- cerebellum
- brainstem
- spinal cord
- PNS
What region is the Supratentorial compartment in?
the cerebrum
what cranial nerves are in the supratentorial compartment?
CN I and II
what is controlled in the supratentorial compartment?
- awake and oriented?
- olfactory and visual systems
- cognition and language
- emotional and behavioral regulation
- hypothalamic/pituitary funtions
what region is the infratentorial compartment in?
Brainstem and cerebellum
what cranial nerves are in the infratentorial compartment?
CN III-XII
what is controlled in the infratentorial compartment?
motor coordination
what is in the vertebral compartment?
- spinal cord
- dorsal and ventral roots
what is controlled in the vertebral compartment?
- reflexes
- motor and sensory exams
what is the peripheral level?
- somatic/visceral nerves
- reflexes
what cranial nerves are off the midbrain?
3-4
what cranial nerves are off the pons?
5-7
what cranial nerves are off the medulla?
8-12
olfactory tract goes where?
cerebrum
optic tracts go where?
thalamus
what is transient onset?
- sudden onset
- resolves in minutes
what is acute onset?
-sudden (minutes to hours)
what is subacute onset?
-intermediate (hours to days)
what is insidious/ chronic onset?
-gradual (weeks to months)
what is focal distribution? multi focal? diffuse?
- clear boarderlines-single lesion
- clear boarders-multiple lesions
- no clear boarderline, bilateral
what are the types of differential diagnosis?
Vascular Infection Neoplasm(tumor) Degenerative disease Intoxication Congenital Auto-immune disease Traumatic Endocrine Seizure
what is in the CNS?
- cerebrum
- cerebellum
- brainstem
- spinal cord
- pre-ganglionic autonomic neurons
what is in he PNS?
- spinal nerves and rami
- somatic nerves
- visceral nerves
- autonomic ganglia and post autonomic neurons
what are the parts of the Cerebrum? what is in each part?
- Telencephalon: Cerebral cortex and subcortical regions
2. Diencephalon: Thalamus and hypothalamus
what are the parts of the cerebellum?
- midbrain
- pons
- medulla
are the lobes of the brain different tissues?
- nope
- they are continuous
what are the hollow, empty spaces deep in the hemisphere?
ventricles
the thalamus and hypothalamus are deep to what?
the wall of the third ventricle
the brain and spinal cord develop from a fluid filled neural tube filled with what?
-originally amniotic fluid, but replaced with CSF
what produces the major CNS regions?
-growth and folding of the neural tube
what is the flow pattern of CSF through ventricular space?
- Choroid plexus secretes CSF by filtering plasma
- uni direrctional flow through ventricular system
- CSF exits through small foramen to subarachnoid space
- CSF reabsorbed into veins and sinuses
what is the lateral aperture responsible for?
-hydraulic suspension of the brain
what is the median aperture responsible for?
acts as pore for CSF to go to the outside of the brain
