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Microbiology > Intro > Flashcards

Intro Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

India Ink

A

Cryptococcus neoformans (can also use mucicarmine)

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1
Q

Aerobes (obligate?)

A

Nocardia, Pseudomonas, mycobacterium TB

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2
Q

Fungicx req

A

Sabourad agar

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2
Q

Exo vs endo heat stability

A

exo unstable, endo stable

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3
Q

Anaerobes

A

Fusobacterium, Clostridium, bacterioides, actinomyces

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4
Q

Urease positive organisms

A

Cryptococcus, H pylori, Proteus, Ureaplasma, Nocardia, Klebsiella, S. epi, S. saprophyticus

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5
Q

Periodic acid-Schiff (PAS)

A

Whipple

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6
Q

Spore

A

Resistance to environmental stress | Keratin like coat, dipicolinic acid, peptidoglycan

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7
Q

Plasmid

A

Genes for abx resistance, enzymes, toxins | DNA

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8
Q

Type 3 secretion aka injectisome

A

protein appendage that delivers toxin from GN bacteria

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9
Q

Protein A

A

Staph aureus, Binds Fc of IgG

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10
Q

Legionella cx req

A

Charcoal yeast w/ cystein and Fe

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11
Q

B pertussis cx req

A

Bordet-Gengou agar, Regan Lowe medium

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12
Q

Endo mechanism

A

Induces TNF, IL1, IL6

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13
Q

Exo vs endo toxicity

A

Exo high, endo low

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14
Q

Capsule

A

Protects against phagocytosis | discrete polysac layer

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15
Q

Pilus/fimbria

A

Mediate adherence of bacteria to cell surface, sex pilus connects bacteria during conjugation | Glycoprotein

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16
Q

Exo vs endo vaccines

A

Exo toxoids, endo no toxoids

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17
Q

Exo vs endo antigenicity

A

Exo high, endo low

18
Q

Endo clinical effects

A

Fever, shock, DIC

19
Q

Bugs that don’t gram stain well

A

Treponema, Mycobacteria, mycoplasma, legionella, rickettsia, chlamydia (These Microbes May Lack Real Color)

20
Q

Ziehl-Neelsen (carbol fuchsin)

A

AFB (nocardia, mycobacteria), protozoa (cryptosporidium oocysts)

21
Q

Pigment producing bacteria

A

Actinomyces yellow sulfur granules, staph yellow, Pseudomonas blue-green, serratia red

22
Q

Catalase positive organisms

A

Nocardia, Burkholderia, pseudomonas, listeria, aspergillus, candida, e coli, Staph, serratia

23
Q

Silver stain

A

Fungi, Legionella, H. Pylori

23
Q

N. gonorrhea and N meningitidis cx req

A

Thayer-Martin Agar w/ vanc, trimethoprim, colistin, nystatin

23
Q

M. Tuberculosis cx req

A

Lowenstein-Jensen agar

23
Q

Obligate intracellular

A

Rickettsia, Chlamydia, Coxiella

23
Q

Encapsulated bacteria vaccines typically require

A

Conjugated carrier protein (except PPSV)

24
Q

Recurrent catalase positive infections common in

A

Chronic granulomatous disease (NADPH oxidase deficiency)

25
Q

Exo vs endo chemistry

A

Exo polypeptide, endo LPS

26
Q

Giemsa stain

A

Chlamydia, Borrelia, Rickettsia, Trypanosomes, Plasmodium (Certain bugs really try patience)

27
Q

C. diptheriae cx req

A

Tellurite agar, Loffler medium

28
Q

Facultative intracellular

A

Salmonella, Neisseria, Brucella, Mycobacteria, Listeria, Francisella, Legionella, Yersinia

29
Q

H flu culture req

A

Chocolate agar w/ Factor V (NAD+) and X (hematin)

30
Q

Outer membrane (GN)

A

Site of endotoxin (LPS), major surface antigen | Lipid A induces TNG and IL1, O polysacc is antigen

31
Q

Exo vs Endo gene location

A

Exo plasmid/bacteriophage, endo bacterial chromosome

32
Q

Exo vs endo typical diseases

A

Exo tetanus, botulism, diphtheria, Endo meningococcemia, GNR sepsis

33
Q

IgA protease

A

S pneumo, Hib, Neisseria

34
Q

E. coli cx req

A

Eosin-methylene blue (EMB) agar

35
Q

Periplasm

A

Space between cytoplasmic membrane and outer membrane in GN bacteria | hydrolytic enzymes such as betalactamase

36
Q

Exo vs endo secretion

A

Exo yes, endo no

37
Q

Encapsulated bacteria

A

S. pneumo, HiB, E Coli, N. meningitidis, Salmonella, Klebsiella, GBS

38
Q

Function of bacterial virulence factors

A

Evasion of host immune response

39
Q

M protein

A

GAS, possibly linked to rheumatic fever

40
Q

Lactose-fermenting enterics cx req

A

MacConkey agar (turns pink)

41
Q

M. pneumo cx req

A

Eaton agar (requires cholesterol)

Microbiology (5 decks)

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