intro Flashcards
name 3 processes in cognition
learning
memory
perception
attention
language
reasoning
problem-solving
behaviorism theory in cognitive psychology:
every behavior can be understood as ____________ to certain ________ of inputs
response; combinations
cognition is what the human mind can do, using _________ as our “model” for information __________.
computers; processing
_________ behaviors can be used to indicate or infer cognitive processes within a person
external
What are the 2 elements of thought by Wundt?
- structuralism
- analytic introspection
children learn language through ___________.
- imitate speech they hear
- correct speech = rewards
operant conditioning
- reinforcements/punishment
skinner: all behavior can be understtod as ________ stimulus/response patterns
learned
diff btwn skinner and chomsky’s views on language acquisition
skinner
- via operant conditioning
- imitate what they hear, rewarded for correct words
chomsky:
- innate
- based on rules acting on symbols
- rule = internal mental models
what are flow diagrams?
- model of what occurs as a person directs attn to 1 stimulus
- unattended info doesnt pass through flow diagrams
describe broadbent’s filter model
attended/unattended inputs pass thorugh sensory store and into selective filter.
at selective filter, unattended message is blocked. attended message goes through bottleneck into higher level processing and then working memory.
what is bottleneck?
selective filter in the information processing model
prevents an overload of information from reaching higher levels of cognitive processing and working memory
what are nerve nets
cells of nervous system and brain connected in dense network
- signals continuous flow
who developed a new staining tech in 1885? it allows ________ to be imaged.
golgi
neurons
neuron processes ________ and signals pass ___________.
independently; intermittently
how do neurons code info?
- feature detectors - fire in response to specific stimuli
- stimulus presented by pattern of firing rates across population of neurons
- stimulus presented by pattern of firing rates across a few neurons while the rest remain silent
which brain part contains mechanisms for most of our cognitive functions? how thick is it?
cerebral cortex
3mm
broca’s area is for ____ and not ____.
speech production; language comprehension
what is broca’s aphasia
Broca’s aphasia - can understand language but struggles to express themselves verbally
language production is impaired by damage to ___ area in the ____ lobe
language comprehension is impaired by damage to the _____ area in the _____ lobe
broca’s; frontal
wernicke’s; temporal
_______ responds to faces and damage in this area will cause _________.
fusiform face area; prosopagnosia
___________ responds to places
parahippocampal place area
______ responds to pictures n parts of bodies
extrastriate body area
fMRI measures _____ activity by identifying highly _________ ___________ molecules.
activity is recorded in ______.
neural; oxygenated hemoglobin; voxels
are all functions/mental processes localised in the brain?
no. some functions distributed across multiple brain regions/systems
