intro

Question 1

periodontal disease

Answer 1

1) pathological changes in the soft and hard supporting tissues

Question 2

supracrestal attached tissue

Answer 2

1) biologic width
2) junctional epithelium + CT attachment
3) about 2.04 mm

Question 3

gingivitis

Answer 3

1) inflammation in soft tissue
2) levels of attachment and bone height not changed

Question 4

periodontitis

Answer 4

1) loss of SAT
2) reduction in bone height

Question 5

clinical attachment level

Answer 5

1) CEJ to base of sulcus
2) attachment loss = any recession + probing depth in the same plane

Question 6

clinical gingival health on a reduced periodontium

Answer 6

1) stable perio patient
- ex. after successful period tx and maintenance
2) non perio patient
- recession from trauma or crown lengthening

Question 7

gingivitis with dental plaque

Answer 7

1) most common form of perio
2) associated with dental plaque alone
–
1) systemic risk factors
- smoking can mask inflammation and gingival fibrosis
2) diabetes type 1 and 2

Question 8

HbA1c

Answer 8

1( 5.9 prediabetes
2) 6.5% is diabetes
4) overall evaluation of glycemic control of preevious 2-3 months

Question 9

medical consultation

Answer 9

1) need to be controlled
2) systemic risks
- malnutrition
- pharmacological agents
- sex steroid hormones

Question 10

puberty gingivitis

Answer 10

1) high titer of capnocytophaga sp.
2) gram negative
- increased bleeding

Question 11

pregnancy gingivitis

Answer 11

1) prevotella intermedia uses progesterone as a GF
2) titer dependent upon levels of hormone
2) edema, enlargement, erythma bleeding
4) caused by increased hormones
-
1) in last month, the estrogen and progesterone decrease
- gingival inflammation decreases

Question 12

gingivitis from hematological conditions

Answer 12

1) leukemia
- often first signs appear in oral cavity
2) proliferation of abnormal WBCs in blood and bone marrow
3) hemorrhagic and friable lesions
4) gingival enlargement

Question 13

local risk factors

Answer 13

1) dental biofilm retention factors
- tori, overhangs, crowding
2) oral dryness
- ex sjogren syndrome, anxiety, medication

Question 14

drug influenced gingival enlargement

Answer 14

1) phenytoin (dilantin)
2) calcium channel blockers (nifedipine)
3) cyclosporine
* not hyperplasia or hypertrophy (you dunno which it is)

Question 15

hereditary gingival fibromatosis

Answer 15

1) non plaque induced
2) autosomal dominant trait
3) occurs with eruption of teeth
4) required surgical treatment

Question 16

bacterial origin

Answer 16

1) non plaque bacteria
2) direct infections
3) neisseria gonorrhea
4) treponema pallidum
5) mycobacterium tb
6) streptococcus gingivitis
7) *rare

Question 17

necrotizing perio disease

Answer 17

1) necrotizing gingivitis and periodontitis
2) 2 kinds

Question 18

viral origin

Answer 18

1) cocksackie virus
2) herpes simplex I and II
3) varicella zoster
4) molluscum contagiosum
5) HPV

Question 19

fungal origin

Answer 19

1) candidosis
- angular chelitis and linear gingival erythema
2) other mycoses
- histoplasmosis, aspergillosis

Question 20

linear gingival erythema

Answer 20

1) systemic fungal therapy prn
2) HIV+ status
3) rare now

Question 21

hypersensitivity rxns

Answer 21

1) contact allegy, etc.

Question 22

flavoring agent

Answer 22

1) mint, cinnamon
- sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS)
2) dx is often plasma cell gingivitis
3) can be due to allergy

Question 23

other allergens

Answer 23

1) acrylic, nickel (1/10 women > men), mercury
2) in dental materials

Question 24

erythema multiform

Answer 24

1 )hypersensitivity
2) target lesions
3) can progress to stevens johnson system
- scarring, blindness, deafness
- recognize it before this!! => systemic steroids

Question 25

pemphigus vulgaris

Answer 25

1) lesion on mucous membrane?
2) bacteria can get into there
3) determine using biopsy and immunofluoresence testeh

Question 26

pemphygoid

Answer 26

similar to above but tell apart by biopsy

Question 27

lichen planus

Answer 27

1 )turns white when it heals
2) steroid cream
3) if on tongue, it can become SSC

Question 28

lupus erythematosis

Answer 28

1) butterfly rash

Question 29

severe cutaneous lupus

Answer 29

1) emergency room
2) needs heavy steroid treatment

Question 30

reactive processes

Answer 30

1) vascular epulis
- pregnancy granuloma (pyogenic)
2) growth that is response to bacteria, irritants, and hormone levels
3) maxillary anterior area, can reoccur
4) conservative treatment until 2nd trimester, where you can use local anesthesia and cut it out

Question 31

mechanical, chemical, and thermal

Answer 31

1) factitious
- self-harm
- can put surgical dressing over it
2) chemical
- aspirin, mouthrinse, spicy food and epithelial sloughing

Question 32

gingival pigmentation

Answer 32

1) melanoplakia
2) smokers melanosis
3) amalgam tattoo
- look for big restoration nearby
- radiographs
4) drug-induced pigmentation