Intracranial Angiography

Question 1

Intracranial Angiography was introduced by : [..]

Answer 1

Egas Moniz

Question 2

Intracranial Lesions: [..5]

Answer 2

aneurysm, AVM, tumors, atherosclerosis, stenotic lesions

Question 3

branches of Aortic Arch

Answer 3

1. innominate arteries/brachiocephalic artery - bifurcation into R CCA and R SCA
2. L CCA and L SCA

Question 4

carotid artery passes anteriorly alongside the [..] and [..] at the level of [..]

Answer 4

trachea
larynx
C4

Question 5

external carotid supplies blood to the [..] and [..] circulation

Answer 5

extracranial and extraaxial

Question 6

internal carotid enters thru [..] then bifurcates in the [..] and [..]

Answer 6

carotid foramen (temporal bone)
anterior and middle cerebral arteries

Question 7

vertebral arteries ascend thru [..] and then pass medially to enter [..] thru the [..]

provides blood supply to [..]

Answer 7

cervical transverse foramina
cranium
foramina magnum

cerebellum (posterior fossa)

Question 8

communicating arteries that connects the anterior and posterior cerebral arteries

Answer 8

circle of willis

Question 9

cerebral angiography approaches: [..3]

Answer 9

TRANSFEMORAL approach
brachial or axillary artery approach

Question 10

[PURPOSE] Selective Catherization Techniques

Answer 10

allows the external and internal carotid arteries to be examined separately

Question 11

arteries evaluated in atherosclerotic disease

Answer 11

extracranial carotid, subclavian and vertebral arteries

Question 12

Egas Moniz [circulation time]

Answer 12

transmit time: 3 sec
from internal carotid artery to jugular vein

Question 13

Greitz [circulation time]

Answer 13

normal mean value: 4.13 sec

Question 14

standard radiographic program

Answer 14

1. mask image -w/o CM
2. arterial phase - 1 1/2 to 3 images/sec
3. venous phase: 1 image/sec or every other sec
4. capillary phase: 1 image/sec

Question 15

[cerebral angio] entire time

Answer 15

7-10 sec

Question 16

[cerebral angio] injection rates

Answer 16

5-9 ml/sec for 1-2 sec

Question 17

[cerebral angio] equipment

Answer 17

-rapid sequence biplane film
-DSA coupled with an automatic injector
-collimators
-lead cut-out diaphragms: frontal and lateral keyhole diaphragms

Question 18

[cerebral angio] pt preparation

Answer 18

-NPO night before exam
-Adult pts: local anesthesia in conjunction w/ conscious sedation (burning pain)
-Explaining what to expect

Question 19

[cerebral angio] Patient Pos’n

Answer 19

-supine
-supports under points of strain: small of the back knees, ankles
-wrist restraints and compression bands
-gen anesthesia