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Biology > Intracellular of an Animal Cell > Flashcards

Intracellular of an Animal Cell Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is the powerhouse of the cell?

A

Mitochondria

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2
Q

Which organelle is responsible for protein synthesis?

A

Ribosomes

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3
Q

What is the function of the Golgi apparatus?

A

Modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins for secretion

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4
Q

Which organelle contains enzymes for intracellular digestion?

A

Lysosomes

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5
Q

What is the function of the endoplasmic reticulum?

A

Synthesizing lipids and proteins

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6
Q

Which organelle is responsible for detoxifying harmful substances in the cell?

A

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

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7
Q

Which organelle is involved in maintaining cell shape and movement?

A

Cytoskeleton

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8
Q

What is the function of the nucleus in a cell?

A

Contains genetic material and controls cell activities

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9
Q

Which organelle is responsible for storing calcium ions in the cell?

A

Endoplasmic reticulum

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10
Q

What is the function of the nucleolus?

A

Site of ribosome production

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11
Q

Which organelle is involved in lipid metabolism and steroid synthesis?

A

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

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12
Q

What is the function of the peroxisomes in a cell?

A

Break down fatty acids and detoxify harmful substances

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13
Q

Which organelle is responsible for maintaining cell turgor pressure and storage?

A

Vacuole

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14
Q

What is the function of the centrosome in a cell?

A

Organizing microtubules during cell division

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15
Q

Which organelle is responsible for photosynthesis in plant cells?

A

Chloroplast

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16
Q

What is the function of the cytoplasm in a cell?

A

Supports and suspends organelles within the cell

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17
Q

Which organelle is involved in lipid synthesis and drug detoxification?

A

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

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18
Q

What is the function of the plasma membrane in a cell?

A

Controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell

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19
Q

Which organelle is responsible for breaking down damaged organelles in the cell?

A

Lysosomes

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20
Q

What is the function of the cytosol in a cell?

A

Fluid portion of the cytoplasm containing various molecules

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21
Q

Which organelle is involved in intracellular signaling and cell communication?

A

Golgi apparatus

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22
Q

What is the function of the microtubules in a cell?

A

Provide structural support and facilitate intracellular transport

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23
Q

Which organelle is responsible for maintaining cell rigidity and support?

A

Cell wall (in plant cells)

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24
Q

What is the function of the endosomes in a cell?

A

Transport and sort endocytosed material

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25
Q

What is the definition of cellular structure?

A

Cellular structure refers to the organization and arrangement of the various components within a cell.

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26
Q

True or False: Cellular structure is static and never changes.

A

False. Cellular structure is dynamic and can change in response to various internal and external stimuli.

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27
Q

Which organelle is responsible for protein synthesis in a cell?

A

Ribosomes

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28
Q

What is the function of the nucleus in a cell?

A

The nucleus contains the cell’s genetic material and controls the cell’s activities.

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29
Q

Fill in the blank: The ________ is the lipid bilayer that surrounds the cell and regulates the passage of substances in and out.

A

Cell membrane

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30
Q

What is the powerhouse of the cell responsible for generating energy?

A

Mitochondria

31
Q

Which organelle is responsible for detoxifying harmful substances in the cell?

A

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

32
Q

True or False: All cells have the same cellular structure.

A

False. Different types of cells have different structures and functions.

33
Q

What is the function of the Golgi apparatus in a cell?

A

The Golgi apparatus processes and packages proteins for transport within the cell.

34
Q

Fill in the blank: The ________ is the control center of the cell and contains the DNA.

A

Nucleus

35
Q

Which organelle is responsible for breaking down and recycling cellular waste?

A

Lysosomes

36
Q

What is the function of the cytoskeleton in a cell?

A

The cytoskeleton provides structural support and helps maintain cell shape.

37
Q

Which organelle is responsible for storing water, ions, and nutrients in a cell?

A

Vacuole

38
Q

What is the function of the endoplasmic reticulum in a cell?

A

The endoplasmic reticulum is involved in protein and lipid synthesis.

39
Q

Fill in the blank: The ________ is a network of membranes that transport materials throughout the cell.

A

Endoplasmic reticulum

40
Q

True or False: The cell wall is found in animal cells.

A

False. The cell wall is found in plant cells and provides structural support.

41
Q

What is the function of the nucleolus in a cell?

A

The nucleolus is involved in ribosome production.

42
Q

Which organelle is responsible for photosynthesis in plant cells?

A

Chloroplasts

43
Q

Fill in the blank: The ________ is a double membrane organelle that converts sunlight into energy in plant cells.

A

Chloroplast

44
Q

What is the function of the peroxisomes in a cell?

A

Peroxisomes are involved in lipid metabolism and detoxification of harmful substances.

45
Q

Which organelle is responsible for maintaining cell shape and aiding in cell division?

A

Cytoskeleton

46
Q

True or False: The cell membrane is selectively permeable.

A

True

47
Q

What is the function of the central vacuole in plant cells?

A

The central vacuole stores water, nutrients, and waste products in plant cells.

48
Q

Fill in the blank: The ________ is a large organelle found in plant cells that helps maintain turgor pressure.

A

Central vacuole

49
Q

What are microvilli?

A

Microscopic, finger-like projections on the surface of certain cells.

50
Q

What is the function of microvilli?

A

Increase the surface area of the cell membrane for absorption and secretion.

51
Q

True or False: Microvilli are found in many types of cells in the human body.

A

True

52
Q

What is the primary function of cilia?

A

Movement of substances along the cell surface.

53
Q

Where are cilia commonly found in the human body?

A

Respiratory tract, fallopian tubes, and ependymal cells of the brain.

54
Q

What is the structure of a flagellum?

A

Long, whip-like appendage that protrudes from the cell surface.

55
Q

What is the main function of a flagellum?

A

Propelling a cell through its environment.

56
Q

True or False: Flagella are usually present in large numbers on a single cell.

A

False

57
Q

Fill in the blank: Cilia and flagella are both composed of ____________.

A

Microtubules

58
Q

What is the difference between cilia and flagella in terms of movement?

A

Cilia move in a coordinated back-and-forth motion, while flagella move in a whip-like motion.

59
Q

Which of the following structures is involved in absorption and secretion: a) Microvilli b) Cilia c) Flagellum

A

a) Microvilli

60
Q

In which part of the respiratory system are cilia important for clearing mucus and debris?

A

Trachea and bronchi

61
Q

What is the main difference between cilia and flagella in terms of length?

A

Cilia are shorter and more numerous, while flagella are longer and fewer in number.

62
Q

True or False: Microvilli are involved in cell movement.

A

False

63
Q

Where are flagella commonly found in the human body?

A

Sperm cells

64
Q

Which of the following structures is involved in cell motility: a) Microvilli b) Cilia c) Flagellum

A

c) Flagellum

65
Q

What is the function of ependymal cells in the brain that have cilia?

A

Help circulate cerebrospinal fluid.

66
Q

Fill in the blank: The core of cilia and flagella is composed of ____________.

A

9 microtubule doublets arranged in a circle

67
Q

True or False: Flagella are present in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

A

True

68
Q

What is the role of flagella in bacterial cells?

A

Provide motility for bacterial cells to move towards nutrients or away from harmful substances.

69
Q

Which of the following structures is involved in moving substances along the cell surface: a) Microvilli b) Cilia c) Flagellum

A

b) Cilia

70
Q

What is the primary difference between cilia and flagella in terms of structure?

A

Cilia are shorter and more numerous with a coordinated beating motion, while flagella are longer and fewer with a whip-like motion.

71
Q

True or False: Microvilli are involved in sensory perception.

A

False

72
Q

Where are microvilli commonly found in the human body?

A

Small intestine and kidney tubules.

73
Q

What is the main function of cilia in the fallopian tubes?

A

Move the egg towards the uterus.

Biology (9 decks)

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