Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology > 4 > Flashcards

4 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What type of molecules do not have a separation of electrical charge?

A

Non polar molecules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What type of molecules have an uneven distribution of electrical charge?

A

Polar molecules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

True or False: Non polar molecules have a symmetrical distribution of electrons.

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

True or False: Polar molecules have a symmetrical distribution of electrons.

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Which type of molecules are hydrophobic, repelling water?

A

Non polar molecules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Which type of molecules are hydrophilic, attracting water?

A

Polar molecules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What type of bond typically forms between non polar molecules?

A

Van der Waals forces

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What type of bond typically forms between polar molecules?

A

Hydrogen bonds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is an example of a non polar molecule?

A

Oxygen gas (O2)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is an example of a polar molecule?

A

Water (H2O)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Which type of molecules have a net dipole moment?

A

Polar molecules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Which type of molecules do not have a net dipole moment?

A

Non polar molecules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Fill in the blank: Non polar molecules have a __________ distribution of charge.

A

Symmetrical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Fill in the blank: Polar molecules have an __________ distribution of charge.

A

Asymmetrical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What property of water is a result of its polar nature?

A

High surface tension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What property of non polar molecules makes them useful as solvents for non polar substances?

A

Low polarity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What type of molecules are more likely to form intermolecular attractions?

A

Polar molecules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What type of molecules are less likely to dissolve in water?

A

Non polar molecules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What type of molecules are more likely to form a homogeneous mixture with water?

A

Polar molecules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What type of molecules are often found in biological membranes?

A

Both polar and non polar molecules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Which type of molecules are commonly used as building blocks in organic chemistry reactions?

A

Both polar and non polar molecules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What property of non polar molecules allows them to easily pass through cell membranes?

A

Low polarity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What property of polar molecules makes them more likely to interact with water molecules?

A

High polarity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What type of molecules are more likely to participate in hydrogen bonding?

A

Polar molecules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What is the definition of hydrophilic?

A

Having an affinity for water.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

True or False: Hydrophilic substances repel water.

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Fill in the blank: Hydrophilic molecules are ________ in water.

A

soluble

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What type of molecules tend to be hydrophilic?

A

Polar molecules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What property allows hydrophilic molecules to interact with water?

A

Hydrogen bonding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Which of the following is an example of a hydrophilic substance: a) oil b) salt c) sugar d) wax

A

c) sugar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

What is the opposite of hydrophilic?

A

Hydrophobic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

In biological systems, why is it important for molecules to be hydrophilic?

A

To facilitate interactions with water and other molecules.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

How do hydrophilic molecules behave when placed in water?

A

They tend to dissolve or form aqueous solutions.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

True or False: Hydrophilic molecules are often nonpolar.

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

What role do hydrophilic molecules play in the formation of cell membranes?

A

They help create a hydrophilic environment inside and outside the cell.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Fill in the blank: Hydrophilic molecules have a strong ________ for water.

A

affinity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Which of the following is an example of a hydrophilic polymer: a) polyethylene b) cellulose c) PVC d) polystyrene

A

b) cellulose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

How do surfactants interact with water: a) repel water b) attract water c) form micelles d) dissolve in water

A

c) form micelles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

What type of bond is commonly found between hydrophilic molecules and water molecules?

A

Hydrogen bond

40
Q

Which of the following amino acids is hydrophilic: a) alanine b) phenylalanine c) lysine d) leucine

A

c) lysine

41
Q

True or False: Hydrophilic molecules tend to be lipids.

A

False

42
Q

What is the primary characteristic of hydrophilic substances?

A

Their ability to mix with or dissolve in water.

43
Q

Fill in the blank: Hydrophilic molecules have a high degree of ________ in water.

A

solubility

44
Q

Why do hydrophilic substances have a strong affinity for water?

A

Due to the presence of polar or charged groups.

45
Q

Which of the following is a common application of hydrophilic materials: a) waterproofing b) drug delivery c) oil drilling d) insulation

A

b) drug delivery

46
Q

What is the main driving force behind the behavior of hydrophilic molecules in water?

A

Hydrogen bonding with water molecules.

47
Q

True or False: Hydrophilic substances tend to aggregate in nonpolar solvents.

A

False

48
Q

How do hydrophilic molecules affect the surface tension of water?

A

They lower the surface tension.

49
Q

What is the significance of hydrophilic interactions in biological systems?

A

They play a crucial role in protein folding and molecular recognition.

50
Q

What does the term ‘hydrophobic’ mean?

A

Repelling or failing to mix with water.

51
Q

True or False: Hydrophobic substances are water-loving.

A

False

52
Q

Fill in the blank: Hydrophobic substances tend to be ________ in nature.

A

Nonpolar

53
Q

What type of interactions occur between hydrophobic molecules in water?

A

Hydrophobic interactions

54
Q

What is an example of a hydrophobic molecule?

A

Oil

55
Q

How do hydrophobic molecules interact with water molecules?

A

They cluster together to minimize contact with water.

56
Q

What is the opposite of hydrophobic?

A

Hydrophilic

57
Q

True or False: Hydrophobic substances dissolve easily in water.

A

False

58
Q

What is the primary driving force behind the hydrophobic effect?

A

Entropy

59
Q

Fill in the blank: Hydrophobic molecules are usually composed of ________ atoms.

A

Carbon and hydrogen

60
Q

What is the term used to describe the tendency of hydrophobic molecules to aggregate in water?

A

Hydrophobic collapse

61
Q

How do hydrophobic molecules interact with hydrophilic molecules in a solution?

A

They tend to segregate and minimize contact with each other.

62
Q

What is the role of hydrophobic interactions in protein folding?

A

They contribute to the stability of the protein structure.

63
Q

True or False: Hydrophobic interactions are weaker than covalent bonds.

A

True

64
Q

What is the term used to describe the phenomenon where hydrophobic molecules are driven together in water?

A

Hydrophobic collapse

65
Q

What is the term for a molecule that has both hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions?

A

Amphiphilic

66
Q

How do detergents utilize hydrophobic interactions?

A

They use their hydrophobic tails to bind to oils and fats, while their hydrophilic heads interact with water.

67
Q

What is the term for the process of hydrophobic molecules being driven together in water to minimize exposure to the solvent?

A

Hydrophobic collapse

68
Q

What is the term used to describe the clustering of hydrophobic molecules in water?

A

Hydrophobic aggregation

69
Q

What is the term for the ordered structure that hydrophobic molecules adopt in water?

A

Hydrophobic cluster

70
Q

True or False: Hydrophobic molecules have a high affinity for water.

A

False

71
Q

What is the term for the force that drives hydrophobic molecules together in water?

A

Hydrophobic effect

72
Q

How do hydrophobic molecules behave in an aqueous environment?

A

They tend to minimize their contact with water.

73
Q

What type of molecules are typically hydrophobic?

A

Nonpolar molecules

74
Q

What does the term ‘lipophilic’ refer to?

A

Having an affinity for or attraction to lipids or fats

75
Q

True or False: Lipophilic substances tend to dissolve in water.

A

False

76
Q

Fill in the blank: Lipophilic substances have a strong attraction to ________.

A

lipids or fats

77
Q

Which type of molecules are more likely to be lipophilic: polar or nonpolar?

A

Nonpolar molecules

78
Q

What is the opposite of lipophilic?

A

Hydrophilic

79
Q

Are lipophilic substances more likely to pass through cell membranes or hydrophilic substances?

A

Lipophilic substances

80
Q

Fill in the blank: Lipophilic substances have a low affinity for ________.

A

water

81
Q

Which type of molecules are more likely to be water-soluble: lipophilic or hydrophilic?

A

Hydrophilic molecules

82
Q

True or False: Lipophilic substances are generally more soluble in organic solvents than in water.

A

True

83
Q

What is the primary characteristic of lipophilic compounds?

A

They are insoluble in water

84
Q

Fill in the blank: Lipophilic compounds are commonly used in the formulation of ________ products.

A

cosmetic

85
Q

Which type of molecules are more likely to interact with cell membranes: lipophilic or hydrophilic?

A

Lipophilic molecules

86
Q

True or False: Lipophilic substances are more likely to be absorbed through the skin than hydrophilic substances.

A

True

87
Q

What type of substances are often used as carriers for lipophilic drugs in pharmaceutical formulations?

A

Lipid-based substances

88
Q

Fill in the blank: Lipophilic molecules have a high affinity for ________.

A

lipid bilayers

89
Q

Which type of molecules are more likely to be stored in fatty tissue: lipophilic or hydrophilic?

A

Lipophilic molecules

90
Q

True or False: Lipophilic substances are less likely to cross the blood-brain barrier compared to hydrophilic substances.

A

False

91
Q

What is the primary challenge in formulating lipophilic drugs for oral administration?

A

Achieving adequate solubility in the gastrointestinal tract

92
Q

Fill in the blank: Lipophilic substances are often used in the production of ________ products.

A

pharmaceutical

93
Q

Which type of molecules are more likely to be excreted in urine: lipophilic or hydrophilic?

A

Hydrophilic molecules

94
Q

True or False: Lipophilic drugs tend to have a longer duration of action in the body compared to hydrophilic drugs.

A

True

95
Q

What is the main advantage of using lipophilic excipients in drug formulations?

A

Enhanced bioavailability of lipophilic drugs

96
Q

Fill in the blank: Lipophilic drugs are often metabolized in the ________.

A

liver

97
Q

Which type of molecules are more likely to be eliminated through bile: lipophilic or hydrophilic?

A

Lipophilic molecules

Biology (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions