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Comp Exam > Interventions 1 > Flashcards

Interventions 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Pain Definition:

A

An appraisal made by your protection system based on the neural representation of threat/danger

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2
Q

Mature Organism Model (MOM):

A
  • We experience pain because it helped us to survive and passing on genes, we evolved into pain avoiding creatures
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3
Q

MOM Dimensions of Pain:

A
  • Sensory
  • Cognitive
  • Affective
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4
Q

Neuromatrix (Pain Matrix):

A
  • “The amazing interconnected brain”, more than one area of the brain is involved in pain
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5
Q

Neuromatrix - Key Concepts:

A
  • Input not mandatory
  • Role of the neural networks
  • The self
  • Genetic componenent
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6
Q

Neurosignature/Neurotag:

A
  • Pain determined by the synaptic arrangement of multiple centers in the brain (thalamocortical loops)
  • Bracing or guarding based on the perception of pain
  • “Nerves that fire together are wired together”
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7
Q

Nociceptive Pain:

A
  • “Normal pain”
  • Short duration, well localized, easing and aggrieving factors, no electric qualities
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8
Q

Neuropathic Pain:

A
  • “Electric pain/nerve pain”
  • At one location and travels along a dermatome or peripheral nerve pattern (sciatica and diabetic neuropathy)
  • Takes longer to get to this point and longer to heal
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9
Q

Central Sensitization:

A
  • “Chronic pain/unexplainable pain”
  • Pain has spread from original areas in areas in non-dermatomal pattern
  • Pain intensity is out of proportion from original injury
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10
Q

Biomedical Approach:

A
  • Medical/Pharm treatments
  • Anatomic education
  • Emphasis on pain, not function
  • Facilitating avoidance
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11
Q

Biopsychosocial Approach:

A
  • Emphasis on PNE, therapeutic alliance
  • Focuses on catastrophizing, rumination, fear-avoidance, kinesiophobia, and deconditioning
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12
Q

Allodynia:

A
  • Pain evoked by normally benign stimulus such as cold, heat, or light touch
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13
Q

Hyperalgesia:

A
  • Increases in perception of pain elicited by noxious stimulus
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14
Q

Secondary Hyperalgesia:

A
  • Spread of pain beyond initial site of injury
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15
Q

Locus of Control:

A
  • A persons generalized attitude or belief regarding causality between own behavior and consequences
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16
Q

Locus of Control - Internal:

A
  • Much of what happens stems from own actions
17
Q

Locus of Control - External:

A
  • Events in life are beyond one’s control
17
Q

Hierarchy of Listening:

A
  • Ignore the message
  • Pretend to listen
  • Selective listening
  • Attentive listening
  • Empathetic listening
17
Q

Positive Body Langauge:

A
  • Sitting on edge of seat, standing, hands on hips, tilted head, moving closer, rubbing palms together, uncrossed arms, body leaning forward, hand on cheek, touching chin, relaxed mouth, chin forward
18
Q

Negative Body Language:

A
  • Rocking motion of torso, downcast eyes/lack of eye contact, arms crossed, leg or foot swinging, foot or finger tapping, short breaths/sighing, wringing hands, slumping in chair/fidgeting in chair, lowering of chin, hunched shoulders, fist clinched, legs crossed, body turned slightly away, grooming, yawning, signs of being nervous
19
Q

Four Pillars of PNE:

A
  • Educate about pain
  • Aerobic exercise
  • Sleep hygiene
  • Goal setting
20
Q

Avoiders:

A
  • Fearful about movement, are sedentary, need to be taught to engage with activity slowly but surely
21
Q

Persisters:

A
  • They do too much, they need pace progression and break up
22
Q

Five Rules to Move Despite Pain:

A
  • Focus on long term benefits not short term pain
  • Improve beliefs first (education)
  • Only grade avoided activities
  • Improve stress tolerance
  • Improve sleep self-management
23
Q

Caffeine:

A
  • Amount in a cup of coffee varies from 47-134 mg
  • Half-life of 3-5 hours, doubled half-life for non-consumers
  • Improved pain relief adding caffeine to analgesics for acute pain
24
Q

Myofascial Release:

A
  • Gentle combo of pressure and stretch, applied to larger areas
25
Q

Pin and Stretch/Bend and Stretch/ART:

A
  • Evaluate the texture, tightness, and movement of muscles, fascia, tendons, ligaments, and nerves
26
Q

Cross Friction:

A
  • USed for tendon junctions, increases collagen synthesis, breaks up adhesions and scar tissue
27
Q

Ischemic Compression/Trigger Point Release:

A
  • TrP is local area of hypertonicity and differs from tender points because of motor end unit
28
Q

Instrument Assisted Soft Tissue Massage:

A
  • Similar to cross-fiction and ART, saves your hands, increase diagnostic skills with soft tissue impairments, used to break up irregular abnormal densities in tissues (scar tissue)
29
Q

Mechanotransduction:

A
  • Physiological process where cells sense and respond to mechanical loads, converting mechanical loading into cellular responses
30
Q

Three Steps of Mechanotransduction:

A
  • Mechano-coupling
  • Cell-cell communication
  • Effector response
31
Q

Physical Stress Theory:

A
  • Focuses on how all biological tissues react and adapt to varied levels of physical stress, or lack thereof, are imparted upon them

Comp Exam (4 decks)

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