Interpretation- urinalysis Flashcards

1
Q

Sweet odor

A

DKA

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2
Q

Pungent odor

A

Infection

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3
Q

Red colour

A

Haematuria
Beetroot
Rifampicin

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4
Q

Brown discolouration

A

Bile pigments
Myoglobin (rhabdomyolysis)
Levodopa/metronidazole/antimalarials/nitrofurantoin

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5
Q

Increased specific gravity

A

Dehydration
SIADH
Proteinuria
Renal artery stenosis

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6
Q

Blood in urine

A

NOT I: neoplasm, obstruction, trauma, inflammation

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7
Q

Protein

A

Nephrotic syndrome, GN, nephritis
Myeloma/Bence Jones proteins
Local infection

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8
Q

Leukocyte esterase +ve

A

UTI

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9
Q

Nitrites +ve

A

Gram negative UTI

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10
Q

Further tests: leukocyte esterase and nitrites +ve

A

Urine culture

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11
Q

Ketones +ve. Further investigations?

A

DKA/diabetes
Starvation
Investigation: blood glucose

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12
Q

Glucose

A

Diabetes
Cushings
Acromegaly/thyrotoxicosis

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13
Q

Bilirubin

A

Conjugated bilirubinaemia: cholestasis, liver disease

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14
Q

Urobilinogen increased

A

Haemolytic anaemia, malaria

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