ECG interpretation Flashcards
Cardiac axis:
a) normal
b) LAD
c) RAD
a) I and II positive
b) II and III negative
c) I negative
What is the normal PR interval?
120-200ms (3-5 small squares)
What are the implications of a shortened PR interval?
Normal variant- small atria, shorter distance between nodes
Accessory conduction pathway e.g. Wolff Parkinson White- may see slurred upstroke of the R wave (delta wave)
What qualifies as a broad QRS?
more than 0.12s
Q waves in an entire territory are indicative of what?
Current/previous MI
What qualifies as a pathological Q wave?
more than 25% of the size of the R wave that follows it, or more than 2mm in height and 40ms in width
When should the S>R to R>S transition take place?
V3 or V4
What is poor R wave progression a sign of?
Previous MI
When is ST elevation considered significant?
Greater than 1mm in 2 or more contiguous limb leads; or 2mm in 2 or more chest leads
What is ST elevation most commonly caused by?
Acute full thickness myocardial infarction
What does ST depression indicate?
Myocardial ischaemia
ECG territories and leads:
a) II, III and aVF
b) I, aVL, V5 and V6
c) V1, V2
d) V3, V4
a) inferior
b) lateral
c) septal
d) anterior
Tall T waves are associated with? (2)
Hyperkalaemia
Hyperacute STEMI
When is it normal for T waves to be inverted?
V1 III (normal variant)
Bi-phasic T waves are a sign of? (2)
Ischaemia
Hypokalaemia
