Interpersonal Communication Flashcards
Define Interpersonal communication
A face to face, multidirectional exchange of verbal messages and nonverbal signals between 2 or more people for the purpose of gaining a shared meaning
Interpersonal communication
Depth
A message sent to the receiver.
The 2nd person sends a message back
Called a two way exchange of messages or interaction
Interpersonal communication
Scope
Small as one on one
To one person and small group
To one person and a large audience
Interpersonal communication
Suitability
Consider issues such as confidential, formality, familiarity, appearance, civility, abruptness and values before blurting out poorly chosen words that can injure or provoke
Nonverbal signals also also important
Factors for interpersonal communication
Know yourself
Understand how you intrepid words or react to certain issues
Be careful of nonverbal-how you stand, sit, hold your hands, body position even the tome of your voice
Monitoring you own actions
Ability to detect appropriates of your social behaviors and self-presentations in response to situational constraints and adjust your behaviors to fit the situation
Perception checking
3 steps
Describe the behavior or message you heard
Communicate your perception to your partner without judgment
Ask to see if your perceptions are correct
Knowing others
Means you take the time to learn things about others that are interesting and not so interesting and admitting that others may have strengths that you do not possess
The message
Both verbal and nonverbal make up the message
What you say and how you say it- volume, tone, rate of words and fluently
Competitive interrupting
Aggressive and serves to dominate a conversation
Consider-
Frequency how many times do you interrupt
Timing at what point do you interrupt
Solicitation are you being asked for you opinions or are you just assuming
Nonverbal cues-leaning forward, nod head, pointing, looking away
Content only response
Focuses only on the literal meaning of a message without taking into account the emotions or cultural message behind what is being said
Nonverbal Behavior
Body language, gestures, facial expressions, eye contact
Facial expression ranks highest
Perceived attitude =7%verbal
38% voice
55% facial
The situation
Recognize the primary reason for interpersonal session
Helps you to prepare receive cues and respond appropriately
The setting
3 factors
Location. Level of privacy needed
Space. How much between you and the other person
Time. In session time, time spend following up, do the session at a time favorable to all
Feedback
Need cross flow of information establishes and reinforce trust provides clear directions and guidance
Counseling
Guides subordinate in a change of behavior- can be time consuming
Focuses on developing subordinate abilities to achieve individual and unit goals
2 Counseling categories
Personal situation counseling. Event oriented
Performance/Professional growth Proactive, in preparation for a future event. Short and long term goals
3 Counseling approaches
Directive-Supervisor. You do the talking and tell what needs to be done
No directive- subordinate or donate centered. Help by providing the information they need for a change or goal
Combined. Portions of both
Subordinate centered communication
active listening- attention to words, voice tone, eye contact
Responding. Eye contact, questions, interpret
Questions. Get them to think
Silence. Let them talk, let them open up
Interpersonal skills
Pre-session activities
Select and narrow your topics
Clearly define what you hope the session will accomplish
Determine if there are any limitations factors, Time, legal, rights, classified information
Interpersonal skills
Opening skills
Properly greet all participants establish rapport
State the purpose of the meeting
Review the status of previous meetings
Make sure all participants understand the purpose and set the tone
Interpersonal skills
Attending skills
Monitor all participants gestures, body positioning, nonverbal cues
Convey acceptance and receptivity to encourage the participants to continue
Interpersonal skills
Responding skills
What you say How you say it and how you behave in response to the participants verbal and nonverbal messages
Interpersonal skills
Resolving skills
Ability to help identify and resolve problems and reach goals
Interpersonal skills
Closing skills
Last opportunity to make sure the session is successful
Summarize the high lights
Restate the solutions to reinforce an agreement
Motivate/inspire a positive outcome
No new material during the close
Interpersonal skills
Post-Session activities
Follow up Actions
Focus on key issues identified be appropriate for the person to do, be feasible with the number of actions required, time, money, ability
Place into the schedule
Include the parer-work. Always documentthe session and plan of action
Interpersonal skills
One on one situations
Face to face between 2 people
Tailored to whom you are speaking with
Interpersonal skills
Small group situation
At least 3 people
Maintain control of the group
Allow all to define, defend, and justify their positions
Managerial rules and interpersonal skills
Performance feedback session Formal counseling session Mentoring session training session Day to day interaction Transactions within and off base agencies Cross cultural diverse interaction
Assertiveness
Effectively communicate your wishes in a non threatening manner, taking into consideration the opinions and feelings of others
Conversational constraint theory
Cultural differences play a role in your strategies keep it running smoothly
Concern for clarity Concern for not hurting feelings Concern for non impositions Concern for avoiding negative evaluation by the receiver Concern for effectiveness
Dehumanized climate
Assumptions in theory are—
Over humanized climate
Pitfalls
Human relations are more important than organization objectives
Conflict and tension should be reduced at all costs
Motivation of subordinate should be intrinsic-self Directed
Participative decision making is always superior to decisions by one or a few
