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PL3235 > Interpersonal Attraction > Flashcards

Interpersonal Attraction Flashcards

1
Q

why is there a need for affiliation (theories)

A
  1. self determination theory
  2. sociometer theory
  3. attachment theory
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2
Q

self determination theory

A

theory of motivation that addresses the issues of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation

people have innate psychological needs; only when these needs are met then people will function and grow optimally, hence, social environment needs to nurture these needs

  • Competence
  • Relatedness
  • Autonomy
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3
Q

attachment theory

A
  1. Bowly: attachment system
  2. Ainsworth: attachment type
    (responsiveness and sensitivity)
  3. Hazan & Shaver: love as attachment process

Internal working models

  • working models of self
  • working models of others
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4
Q

Loneliness

A
  • Emotional loneliness
    leads the person to seek a one-to-one intimate relationship
  • Social loneliness
    motivates the person to seek out activities he/she might participate in
  • Quantity vs. Quality
  • Amount of time spent in social interaction, number of friends
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5
Q

factors of Liking

A
  • Reciprocity of liking
  • Proximity
  • Familiarity
  • Similarity
  • Complementary
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6
Q

Why does proximity lead to liking?

A
  • availabilit
  • cognitive consistnecy striving (expectation of future interaction)

however, limits include

  • too negative to be corrected by consistency motivation
  • proximity might intensify antagonism
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7
Q

Why does familiarity lead to liking?

A
  • evolutionary explanation
  • predictability
  • assumed similarity
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8
Q

Experiment to show similarity

A

newcomb’s undergraduate roommate study

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9
Q

Why does similarity lead to liking?

A
  • cognitive consistency striving
  • validation
  • inferred evaluation
  • ease of interaction
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10
Q

theory in similarity of physical attractiveness

A

matching hypothesis

explanation: people like those similar to them, explain by balance theory

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11
Q

cognitive consistency striving

A

humans are motivated by inconsistency, desire to change them

e.g conflict with others, desire to change them

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12
Q

Sternbergs triangular theory of love

A
  • consummate
  • passionate
  • companionate

components of love change over time, due to the changing nature of relationships

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13
Q

jealousy

A 
reaction to the 
- percieved threat to the\
- continuity 
- quality 
of a relationship
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14
Q

factors affecting jealously

A
  • individual differences

- gender differences (sexual vs. emotional infidelity and its evolutionary interpretation)

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15
Q

factors affecting individual differences in jealousy

A
  1. dependency
  2. having few alternative relationships
  3. more insecure
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16
Q

inferred evaluation

A

people compare the actions with alternative actions to evaluate the choices they have made

17
Q

sociometer theory

A

self-esteem is used as a gauge of interpersonal relationships

18
Q

facial features that make someone more attractive

A
  • large eyes
  • high cheekbones
  • small, thin jaw (large jaws) for men
19
Q

social exchange theory vs. operant conditioning

A

in operant conditioning,
reinforcements: increases the likelihood of responding, punishment- decreases likelihood

hence, rewards in relationships is similar to reinforcements

main diff: social exchange has a standard that partners base their expectations on (comparison level)

20
Q

comparison level

A
  • difference between rewards and cost
  • and, the history of other relationships

comparison level for alternatives: what you will expect from an alternative

21
Q

difference between investment and social exchange theory

A

investment: consider how much they have invested in the relationship

22
Q

bowlby: attachment type

A

a strong attachment to caregiver provides necessary sense of security and foundation

23
Q

mental representations

A

internal working models

  • working model of self
  • working model of others
24
Q

“what is beautiful is good” stereotype

A

mental representation of people that are good looking having better associated traits

25
Q

love at first sight

A

love on a bridge

misattribution of heightened arousal

PL3235 (6 decks)

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