Internet Vocabulary

Question 1

A network of computers and devices that communicate around the world and the protocols that allows them to connect.

Answer 1

The Internet

Question 2

The World Wide Web or just “the web” as ordinary people call it, is a subset of the the Internet. The Web consists of pages that can be accessed using a web browser. The Internet is the actual network of networks where all the information resides. Things like Tdnet, FTP, Internet gaming, Internet Relay Chat (IRC) and e-mail are all part of the Internet, but are not part of the World Wide Web.

Answer 2

WWW (The World Wide Web)

Question 3

The method used to transfer Web pages to your computer. With hypertext, a word or phrase an contain a link to another website. All web pages are written in the hyper-text markup language (HTML) which works in conjunction with HTTP.

Answer 3

HTTP (Hyper-Text Transfer Protocol)

Question 4

An addressing system that manages the paths used to send data to distant computers.

Answer 4

IP (Internet Protocol)

Question 5

A reliable transmission system that sends and tracks data (in binary sequences) that are split into small packets sent separately.

Answer 5

TCP (Transmission Control Protocol)

Question 6

The hierarchy addressing protocol that is human-readable. A series of servers that locate the domain of the website you are looking for, these are grouped hierarchy so first it will look for .edu then it will look for the primary domain .Berkeley.edu and then it will find its subdomain snap.Berkeley.edu. Thi simplifies its search.

Answer 6

Domain Name System (DNS)

Question 7

The protocol that is commonly used to transfer e-mails.

Answer 7

Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP)

Question 8

Attack consists of sending a lot of requests to a server at the same time (for instance requests for a web page or some data). This can overload the servers network bandwidth. A DoS attack doesn’t destroy data or collect passwords; it just causes a temporary inability to each the targeted server so other users of that server are denied service.

Answer 8

Denial of Service (DoS)

Question 9

Attack in which the attacker first uses viruses (or similar self-operating software) to take control of many (sometimes tens of thousand of) computers around the world. This network of infected computers is called a botnet.

Answer 9

Distributed Denial of Service (DDoD)

Question 10

An attacker sends you an email that appears to be from some official organization (such as your bank) and tricks you into giving information to the attacker (suck as your bank password).

Answer 10

Phishing

Question 11

A small text file created by a website that is stored in the users computer either temporarily for that session only or permanently on the hard disk. It provides a way for the website to recognize you and keep track of your preferences particularly for advertising purposes.

Answer 11

Cookies

Question 12

Is a computer that provides data to other computers. It may provide data to systems on a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN) over the Internet. Many types of these exist, including those for the web, email, file and gaming. Each type runs software specific to their purpose.

Answer 12

Server

Question 13

It is an address for accessing specific web data located on a server. A protocol for specifying addresses on the Internet. An address that identifies a particular file on the internet, usually consisting of the protocol, as http, followed by the domain name.

Answer 13

Uniform Resource Locator (URL)

Question 14

The standard for communication between browsers and servers.

Answer 14

Protocol

Question 15

The name of the server that hosts the data.

Answer 15

Domain Name

Question 16

The location of the data in a hierarchy of folders on the server.

Answer 16

Path

Question 17

A type of software that is used to take control of an individual or a company’s computer/device/server and/or data until an amount of money is paid.

Answer 17

Ransomeware

Question 18

A group of connected computers that share information and resources.

Answer 18

Network

Question 19

This is a type of network made up of nearby computers. They can have anywhere from a few devices (like a home network) to hundreds od devices (like a school or hospital).

Answer 19

Local Area Network (LAN)

Question 20

Is made of connected LANs that are far from each other (like in different parts of the country or world.) They can connect thousands or even millions of devices.

Answer 20

Wide Area Network (WAN)

Question 21

Rules for how devices communicate using ether cables to physically connect devices to each other OR wirelessly using radio waves which were developed in the 90s.

Answer 21

Protocol

Question 22

Rules that computers follow for communicating on a wired network.

Answer 22

Ethernet

Question 23

Rules that computers follow for communicating on a network through radio signals also known as Wi-Fi.

Answer 23

Wireless

Question 24

Wi-Fi

Answer 24

Wireless Fidelity

Question 25

Small units of data that are sent in binary code through a network. When you download an item from the internet, such as music to your phone, the songs are too big to send all at once. Instead, each song is broken up into packets which are sent individually and then recommended on your phone.

Answer 25

Packets

Question 26

A company that provides people access to the internet.

Answer 26

Internet Service Provider (IPS)