internet of things Flashcards
Internet of Things (IoT)
devices are used to monitor and manage many areas in a home or enterprise environment.
is a system of connected computing devices and objects that use unique identifiers and send data over a network without requiring human interaction.
IoT, also known as the Internet of Everything (IoE)
Many industries use IoT to operate more efficiently and better serve customers. (true/false)
true
_____ use built-in sensors to gather information and data from the surroundings. The gathered data is used to perform actions, such as turning on a device or triggering an alarm.
IoT devices
Each IoT device must have a _____
unique identifier (UID).
Key features of IoT are connectivity, sensors, artificial intelligence, small devices, and active engagement. (true/false)
true
IoT devices can be found in:
Homes and buildings - Thermostats, lighting systems, and security systems.
Health clinics and hospitals - Pacemakers, surgical equipment, and telemedicine.
Cities and municipalities - Water distribution, smart grids, and traffic management.
Agriculture - Health of animals; and humidity and composition of soil.
Manufacturing - Sensors and devices to increase production and manage quality control. This is known as Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT).
Vehicles - Sensors for vehicle-to-vehicle, vehicle-to-roadside, and vehicle-to-pedestrian communication.
Retail - Advertising and product monitoring.
Wearable devices - Smart watches and training bracelets.
is made of four main systems that work together to make the communication between two endpoints possible.
IoT technology
_____ are built with sensors that capture data. These sensors can be included in cameras, GPS systems, temperature reading equipment, and heart monitoring equipment. The sensors in the device collect data and send it to the cloud.
IoT devices
In order to send data to the cloud, IoT devices need a connection. The gateway acts as the bridge between the device and the cloud.
Gateway system
Once the data reaches the cloud, it is processed and analyzed by software. Examples include the temperature reading is checked, trespassers are detected on the security camera video feed, and location is determined on a GPS device. After the received data is processed completely, the result or conclusion is sent to the device application server and interface.
data storage
App notifications, emails, and text messages make the information gathered by the device available to the user. Action by the device can be started as follows:
Predefined rules setup by the user cause the device to take action automatically.
A user uses an app or other interface to start an action. The user may or may not be prompted by the device.
remote control
includes all the hardware parts in the IoT system such as sensors, RFID tags, readers, etc. This sensor hardware collects the data for the IoT device.
These sensors can convert the sensory information they capture into data for analysis.
The edge technology layer
_____ is where all the data gathered at the edge layer is collected and compressed to an optimal size for analysis. This is also the point when the data is converted to a digital form. In addition, this layer takes care of message routing, message identification, and subscribing.
The access gateway layer
_____ is the main bridge between two endpoints in an IoT system. It connects devices to other devices, the cloud, the gateway, and backend data sharing.
_____ sends the data to the middleware layer. Some systems may conduct advanced analytics and pre-processing during this stage.
The internet layer
The middleware layer includes the processes that happen in the cloud such as:
-In-depth processing
-Data management
-Device management
-Data aggregation
-Data filtering
-Device information discovery
-Access control
-Revision for feedback
This layer acts as the interface between the hardware and application layers;
Middleware
_____ is the top layer in the IoT architecture. Its primary responsibility is to deliver the analyzed and processed data to the end user.
The user checks the data and may send commands to the devices or sensors. The process then restarts from the beginning.
The application layer
_____ is very commonly implemented in wireless local area networking and allows many types of devices to communicate with each other.
Wi-Fi
_____ uses peer-to-peer communication without a set wireless access point.
Wi-Fi Direct
_____ is a wireless, personal area network protocol.
-It supports low-power, long-use IoT needs.
-It can be used in such sectors as healthcare, security, entertainment, and fitness.
Bluetooth Low Energy, also known as Bluetooth Smart
is one of the most common short-range IoT communication protocols.
zigbee
Zigbee
-is open standard, which means anyone can develop and customize it as needed.
-Has a maximum distance of 60 feet between each hop.
-Allows an unlimited number of hops from a device to the hub.
-Operates at the 2.4 GHz frequency.
is the other most common short range IoT communication protocol.
Z-Wave
z-wave:
-Is closed standard, which means devices must meet specific requirements to be able to use it.
-Has a maximum distance of 250 feet between each hop.
-Can travel only four hops from a device to the hub.
-Operates at the 908.42 MHz frequency.
Many control hubs work with both Zigbee and Z-Wave. (true/false)
true
