International Relations 1918-39 - The Impact of the Depression Flashcards
what was trade like with the USA before the depression?
world trade boomed in the late 1920s. the USA was the richest nation of the world and everyone traded with the USA and most countries borrowed money from US banks. this trade made many nations grow rich. this economic boom also helped reduce international tension.
what was the wall street crash?
the crash of the US stock market in October 1929
the start of the great depression
what policies did countries adopt because of the wall street crash?
- protectionism: some countries (incl Britan, France, USA) tried to protect their industries by introducing tariffs to limit imports. however, this simply worsened trade leading to more businesses failing and unemployment
- rearmament: many countries (incl Germany, Japan, Italy, Britan) started rearming to boost industry and employment
why did europe suffer great hardships in the depression?
loans from US banks helped europe recover in the 1920s. loans were provided to Germany, Poland, Czechoslovakia and other new states in central and eastern Europe. when the depression hit these loans were recalled
why did the germans feel betrayed after the depression?
germany was effected heavily by the depression as it relied on American loans. when the USA, britan and France introduced tariffs and refused to lend money to Germany, Germany felt betrayed.
What was nationalism in the 1930s?
In the 1930s there was a rise in nationalism in a number of nations around the world.
Who was involved in nationalism in the 1930s?
Famous nationalist leaders included Adolf Hitler in Germany, and Benito Mussolini in Italy.
Where was there a rise in nationalism in the 1930s?
Nationalist countries during the 1930s included Germany, Italy, Japan and Spain. In addition, there were other nations where there were nationalist movements, including Britain.
Why was there a rise in nationalism in the 1930s?
A rise in nationalism was triggered by the Wall Street Crash and the onset of the economic depression. People turned to leaders with nationalist ideas in the hope they would solve the problems of the Great Depression.
What were the ideas of nationalism in the 1930s?
Nationalism is an ideology that looks to promote the interests of a particular country.
What was the impact of the rise of nationalism in the 1930s?
Nationalism led to problems in international relations, as nationalist leaders like Hitler and Mussolini wanted to expand their borders and take over other nations
What was the decline of international cooperation?
The 1920s was an exciting time both domestically and internationally. Nations worked together to make sure that the ‘good times’ did not end. In the 1930s they turned away from each other, and there was a decline in international co-operation.
When was there a decline in international cooperation?
This decline in international cooperation between countries happened in the 1930s.
Why was there a decline in international cooperation?
There were a number of causes that caused a decline in international cooperation between countries, mostly triggered by the Wall Street Crash in 1929:
- When the American economy collapsed after the Wall Street crash, this had huge implications for the rest of the world.
- Many nations faced economic depressions and, as a result, were too busy dealing with their own domestic problems to worry about international co-operation.
- People lost faith in their governments and looked for strong leaders who promised to help their countries recover.
- Leaders like Hitler and Mussolini pledged success in wars overseas to restore national pride. As a result, these countries turned their back on international cooperation.
What was the impact of a decline in international cooperation on the League of Nations?
The impact of the decline in international cooperation on the League of Nations was two-fold:
- First, there were a number of leaders not interested in international cooperation, and their foreign policy became increasingly aggressive.
- Second, this meant that there was a greater need for the League, but due to the effects of the depression, nations didn’t want the expense of a war or to use the economic sanctions the League could impose as it might affect trade.
