International, Global, Transnational

Question 1

What are the 4 dimensions of globalization?

Answer 1

1. People
   - migration (South -> South is highest)
2. Capital
   - trade, increased after WWII
   - before: rich -> rich; now: all the same
3. Politics
   - terrorism, spread of information
4. Culture
   - interconnected: films, languages

Question 2

What are the 3 processes of globalization?

Answer 2

complex set of processes:

1. deterritorialization
2. interdependence
3. time-space compression

Question 3

What is deterritorialization?

Answer 3

• a process of globalization

- territory = less of a constraint for social interactions

Question 4

What is interdependence?

Answer 4

• process of globalization
• less about war (security, force), more about social, political, economic interdependence
• e.g. 1993 DR Congo war: drive for war was for natural resources to produce electronics

Question 5

What is time-space compression

Answer 5

• process of globalization
• relative distances between places contract
• technology (trains, emails…)

Question 6

What are the 3 approaches to interpreting globalization?

Answer 6

Theories debating the disappearance vs. persistence of the nation state in the face of globalization:

1. International Approach
2. Globalist Approach
3. Transnational Critique

Question 7

What is the international approach to globalization?

Answer 7

• domestic (rule of law) vs. international (anarchy) divide
• Mearsheimer
• states = main unitary actor
• non-state actors = exist but negligeable

Question 8

What is the globalist approach to globalization?

Answer 8

• world divides are flattened
• world = undifferentiated investment surface
• states = no longer relevant

Question 9

What is the transnational critique to globalization?

Answer 9

• analytical purchase:
  
  • > relations develop between state and non-state actors
  • > states adapt to globalization -> transgovernmentalism
• conceptualization:
  
  • > allusion of an either/or concept
  • > e.g. visas, detention centers…
  • > globalization of state powers

Question 10

What are the directions for a transnational approach?

Answer 10

1. Territorial trap (John Agrew)
2. Sovereignty as relational
3. Spatiality as networked
4. Identity as multiple and hybrid

Question 11

What is the territorial trap?

Answer 11

• John Agrew
• states don’t dont have exclusive power over territory
• boundaries of state aren’t boundaries of society’
• problematic premise

Question 12

What is meant by ‘sovereignty as relational’?

Answer 12

• vs. absolute
• rules exist in other forms (e.g. monarchies, empires…); territorial state is a recent invention
• no strict division between domestic vs international
• transnational actors - e.g. intergovernmentalism and trasnational elite networks

Question 13

What is meant by ‘spatiality as networked’?

Answer 13

-power operates through networks (vs. homogenous)

Question 14

What is meant by ‘identity as multiple and hybrid’?

Answer 14

• nationalism is determined
• through violence
• hibridity (vs. homogenity)