International Actors Flashcards
Questions 9, 10
- Describe the ICJ
The International Court of Justice (ICJ) is the principal judicial organ of the UN that settles disputes between states based on international law.
Describe the ICC
The International Criminal Court (ICC) is the permanent court prosecuting individuals for serious international crimes and complements national systems.
ICJ Mandate vs. ICC Mandate
ICJ: Settles legal disputes between states, and provides advisory opinions on legal questions
ICC: Prosecutes genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes, and aggression
ICJ Procedure vs. ICC Procedure
ICJ: Decisions binding, based on treaties, customary international law, and general principles
ICC: Jurisdiction based on Rome Statute, initiated by ICC Prosecutor, trials before judges
Out of the ICJ and ICC, which has the US not joined and why?
The US has not joined the ICC, signing the Rome Statute but not ratifying it. The reason for this is the belief that it is unconstitutional, a violation of sovereignty, and power concerns.
10a. What are IGOs?
Intergovernmental organizations: entities that are created by treaties between two or more countries to work together on issues of common interest
What are NGOs?
Non-governmental organization: Non-profit, voluntary citizen groups (independent from government) focusing on various global issues like humanitarianism
What are MNEs?
Multinational enterprises: Businesses with operations in multiple countries (significant part of the private sector in many economies, and are key players in globalization)
10b. What is a “transnational” organization?
Non-governmental entity that involves members from more than one country operating beyond national borders
10c. Which category does the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) fall under?
NGO with a special mandate for humanitarian aid in armed conflicts
10d. Which category does the International Organization for Migration (IOM) fall under?
IGO UN Related Organization addressing migration issues
10e. Which category does the USMCA fall under?
Free trade agreement among the US, Mexico, and Canada
