Internal/international migration - important stats Flashcards
How international migration impacts fertility rates
INCREASE - Birth - death rates in UK: 1995 = 100,000 2011 = 250,000 - 150% increase due to more births than deaths - driven by pop increase due to international migration as: Net international migration: 1995 = 50,000 2011 = 230,000 - 360% increase
When A8 countries joined EU - key migration to UK facts
- there was a sharp increase from 2004 - 2005 (when they joined the EU.
As net international migration increased from:
2004 = 200,000
2005 = 350,000 - a 75% increase due to people from A8 countries moving to UK.
Fertility rate definition
The number of children born per 1000 women each year
Why does immigrants increase fertility rates?
Because immigrants are mainly of working age/economically active so are at the age when they start a family + financially stable to do so.
- Also immigrants from e.g. India traditionally have larger families.
The average amount of children - past vs present + what increased birth rates at the start of 2000s
In 1965 - the average was 2.81
By 2020 its now - 1.7
- Fell to an all-time low of 1.7 children per woman in 2020, even below the turn of the century before arrivals from the European Union’s new member states increased the birth rate
Why has fertility rates changes since the 1930s to now?
Because after WW2 (1945) the UK experienced the “baby boom” due to people putting off having children during WW2 and the Great depression (Uk exports halved in value - causing severe unemployment in industrial sector), causing a spike in birth rates and since then in 2007 - 08 there was a sudden increase due to families being financially stable - but after 2008 - the financial recession - fertility rate fell.
Women in work effects
1971 - 2016 - women in work increased from 54% to 69% due to less women having children + focusing more on careers + having children later in life.
