intermolecular forces (basics)

Question 1

define electronegativity

Answer 1

the ability of an atom to attract the pair of electrons in a covalent bond

Question 2

explain how dipoles can be induced in non polar molecules

Answer 2

random movement of electrons causes imbalance of charge (polarity) to form instantaneously. This causes electrons in other atoms or molecules to be repulsed and induces a dipole in them.

Question 3

what conditions have to be met for hydrogen bonding to occur

Answer 3

hydrogen must be bonded to a highly electronegative element with at least one lone pair (O,N or F)

Question 4

how does hydrogen bonding effect the properties of water

Answer 4

it causes it to have a high boiling point
it makes it form a repeating lattice (ice) which is less dense than water, causing it to float