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Chem Alev > Organic Chem Reactions > Flashcards

Organic Chem Reactions Flashcards

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1
Q

Reacting alkene (propene)and hydrogen halide (HBr)

A

Forms Bromo Alkane (2-Bromo Propane) as major product

Forms (1-Bromo Propane) minor

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2
Q

Reacting Alkene (Propene) and halogen (Br2)

A

Forms Di-Bromo Alkane (1,2-diBromo Propane)

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3
Q

Reacting Alkene (Propene) and Hydrogen with a Nickel catalyst (at 150°c)

A

Forms Alkane (Propane)

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4
Q

Reacting Alkene (ethene) with steam using Phosphoric Acid catalyst (H3PO4) at 300°c 60atm

A

Forms an Alcohol (Ethanol)

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5
Q

Reagent(s) used for reaction of Alkene to Bromo-Alkane

A

HBr used for Bromoalkane
Br2 used for Di-Bromoalkane

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6
Q

Reagents used for reaction of Alkene to Alkane

A

Hydrogen and Nickel catalyst at
150°c (Hydrogenation)

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7
Q

Reagents of Reaction of Alkene to Alcohol

A

Steam
Phosphoric acid (H3PO4) Catalyst
300°c 60atm

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8
Q

What single reaction is needed to turn an alcohols into alkenes by removing (eliminating) a H2O

A

Elimination (dehydration) using reflux in the presence of sulphuric Acid (H2SO4) OR Phosphoric acid (H3PO4)

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9
Q

An alcohol can be dehydrated using reflux in the presence of sulphuric acid (H2SO4). What is the rule for elimination that determines whether the molecule can undergo an elimination reaction)

A

The Alcohol Carbon Must be bonded to Carbons with hydrogens that they can loose (to form a double bond)

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10
Q

bromo Alkanes can be reacted with sodium Hydroxide in an aqueous solution under reflux, to form alcohols. What is the mechanism of this reaction?

A

nucleophilic substitution

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11
Q

what conditions and reagent are needed to substitute a bromo alkane into an alcohol.

A

Aqueous NaOH with ethanol. Heat under reflux.

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12
Q

reagents and conditions used to make ester from carboxylic acid

A

an alcohol + H2SO4 catalyst under reflux

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13
Q

reagents and conditions used to make ester from acyl chloride

A

an alcohol RTP

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14
Q

reagents and conditions used to make an ester from an acid anhydride

A

an alcohol RTP

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15
Q

acid anhydrides, carboxylic acids and acyl chlorides can react with many nucleophiles what products are produced?

Alcohol
water
aqueous ammonia (NH3)
Primary Amine

A

Alcohol forms ester
Water forms carboxylic acid
Ammonia forms amide
nitroAlkane forms secondary amide

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16
Q

ester + H2SO4(aq) (acidified water) produces

A

hydrolysis of ester with reversible reaction
forms:
carboxylic acid + alcohol

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17
Q

ester + NaOH(aq) (alkali water) produces

A

hydrolysis of ester(primary reaction)
forms:
carboxylic acid +alcohol

neutralisation of acid(secondary reaction)
forms:
carboxylic acid salt(sodium carboxylate) +water

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18
Q

reagents and conditions to form an alkyl benzene
from benzene

A

Alkyl chloride + AlCl3 catalyst under reflux (friedel crafts alkylation)

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19
Q

reagents and conditions to form a benzene ketone
from benzene

A

Acyl chloride + AlCl3 catalyst under reflux (friedel crafts acylation)

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20
Q

reagents and conditions to form nitro benzene
from benzene

A

HNO3 + conc H2SO4 at 50c (hot water bath)
too hot and multiple nitrations can happen

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21
Q

reagents and conditions to form bromo benzene
from benzene

A

Bromine and FeBr3 or AlCl3 catalyst RTP

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22
Q

reagents and conditions to form nitro phenol
from phenol

A

HNO3 + sulphuric acid

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23
Q

bromination of phenol using excess bromine forms

A

2,4,6-tribromophenol

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24
Q
A
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25
Q

Reactants and conditions to make 1-bromopropane from propane

A

Br2 and UV light

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26
Q

Bromine is added to a sample of butane under UV light, what products are expected.

A

bromobutane

27
Q

What reactant and conditions can be used to saturate bonds with hydrogen

A

H2, nickel catalyst and 150°c

28
Q

reactant and conditions used to make dibromo propane from propene

A

Br2

29
Q

reactant and conditions used to make an alcohol from a bromoalkane

A

NaOH in ethanol + reflux (substitution)

30
Q

solution of sodium hydroxide and ethanol is refluxed with 1-bromo propane what product is made?

A

Propan-1-ol

31
Q

reactant and conditions used to make bromoalkane from an alcohol

A

NaBr/H2SO4 (acidified)

32
Q

Propan-1-ol is reacted with Sodium Bromide in the presence of H+ what product is made

A

1-bromopropane

33
Q

Propan-1-ol is refluxed with ethanoic acid and conc H2SO4 what product is made

A

Propyl-ethanoate

34
Q

reactant and conditions used to make an ester using Propan-1-ol

A

Carboxylic acid + H2SO4 + reflux.

Or any other COO(X) compound studied

35
Q

reactant and conditions used to make aldehyde from a primary alcohol

A

Acidified Potassium dichromate + distillation

36
Q

Propan-1-ol is distilled with K2Cr2O7/H+ what product is made (distillate)

A

Propanal

37
Q

reactant and conditions used to make an alcohol using an aldehyde

A

Aqueous NaBH4 (reduction)

38
Q

Ethanal is reduced using NaBH4, what product is made

A

Ethanol

39
Q

reactant and conditions used to make carboxylic acid from a primary alcohol

A

Acidified K2Cr2O7 + reflux

40
Q

Propan-1-ol is refluxed with K2Cr2O7 in the presence of H+ what product is made

A

Propanoic acid

41
Q

reactant and conditions used to lengthen carbon chain

A

HCN gas or
NaCN/H2SO4

42
Q

HCN reacts via nucleophilic addition with what compounds

A

Organic compounds with C=O bonds,
Ketone
Carboxylic acid
Acyl chloride
Amide
Etc…

43
Q

Propanoic acid reacts with a base to form

A

Propanoate salt

44
Q

reactant and conditions used to make an acyl chloride from carboxylic acid

A

Anhydrous(dry) SOCl2

45
Q

Propanoic acid is reacted with SOCl2 in a dry environment what product is made

A

Propanoyl chloride

46
Q

reactant and conditions used to make secondary amide using an acyl chloride

A

Any amine (R-NH2) ie methylamine

47
Q

Propylamine is reacted with ethanoyl-chloride in a dry environment, what product is made

A

N-PropylEthanamide

48
Q

Propanoyl chloride is reacted with aqueous NH3, what product is made

A

Propanamide

49
Q

reactant and conditions used to make carboxylic acid from ester

A

Acidified water H2SO4(aq)
Or
Alkali water NaOH(aq)

50
Q

Reactant and conditions used to make Carboxylic acid from acyl chloride

A

Water

51
Q

Propanoic acid is reacted with conc H2SO4 and propanol under reflux what product is made

A

Propanyl-propanoate

52
Q

reactant and conditions used to make carboxylate salt using an ester

A

NaOH under reflux

53
Q

Methyl propanoate is refluxed with Sodium hydroxide what products are formed

A

Sodium Propanoate
Methanol

54
Q

Propanoic anhydride is reacted with ethanol what products are formed

A

Propanoic acid
Ethyl Propanoate

55
Q

reactant and conditions used to make alkene from alcohol

A

H2SO4 + 170°c (elimination)

56
Q

Propan-1-ol is heated with conc H2SO4 what product is made

A

Propene

57
Q

reactant and conditions used to make an alcohol using a ketone

A

NaBH4(aq)

58
Q

Propanone is reacted with NaBH4 what product is made

A

Propan-2-ol

59
Q

reactant and conditions used to make ketone from secondary alcohol

A

K2Cr2O7/H2SO4 reflux

60
Q

reactant and conditions used to make alcohol from alkene

A

H3PO4 300°c steam

61
Q

Reactants and conditions needed to make carboxylic acid from a nitrile

A

Aqueous H+ ions (acid)

62
Q

Hydroxy methyl nitrile is reacted with aqueous HCl what product is made

A

hydroxyEthanoic acid

63
Q

Reagent and conditions need to make aromatic anime(NH2) from nitro benzene(NO2)

A

Concentrated HCl and tin (Sn) catalyst under reflux

64
Q

3-bromo-1-nitrobenzene is refluxed with HCl/Sn what product is made

A

3-bromophenylamine (reduction of NO2)

Chem Alev (10 decks)

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