Intergroup Relations Flashcards
What are stereotypes
Shared beliefs about characteristics of a group
What is prejudice
Any evaluation of a social group or its members
What is discrimination
Unequal treatment of different people based on the categories that they belong to
Evidence of cognitive limitations and faults
People draw on stereotypes to gain knowledge about people they barely know (Dijker & Kooman 1996)
Social categorisation
Process of identifying people as members of a social group because they share certain features of that group
What is automaticity
The more often a category is used the more accessible it becomes
What is the social identity theory (tajfel + Turner 1979)
A persons sense of who they are based on their group membership
What is the out group homogeneity effect
The tendency to see people within the same group as being more similar than they really are
What are the 3 motives behind stereotyping
Mastery
Connectedness
Justifying the social structure
What is mastery
Stereotypes summarising personal experiences
What is connectedness
Adopt stereotypes of the people closest to us to be apart of the group
What is justifying the social culture
Stereotypes that serve as justifications to maintain the hierarchies of inequality
What is implicit association test
Reaction time test to measure attitudes
What are the requirements to correcting stereotype biased judgement
Acknowledgement of our judgements, time and motivation, conscious effort to avoid being influenced by stereotypes
What is just world hypothesis
We believe people get what they deserve (Lerner 1965)
What are the strategies for improving intergroup relations
Tokenism, affirmative action, integroup contact, contact hypothesis, extended contact, imagined contact, mental suppression
What is tokenism
Performing +ve actions towards minority groups
What is affirmative action
The policies designed to promote the employment of minority people
What is +ve feedback bias
The process of giving more positive feedback on work believed to have been performed by a minority
What is intergroup contact
Bringing together members of opposing groups should improve intergroup relations
What is the contact hypothesis
The theory that certain types of direct contact between members of hostile groups will reduce stereotyping
What is extended contact effect
People are less prejudiced if they’re friends with an in group member
What is the imagined contact effect
Imagining +ve encounters with people of minority groups as it’ll make them feel more +ve towards that group
What is mental suppression
The more people suppress prejudice over time the more their feelings help them control prejudice
What are the barriers to stereotype change
Seeing stereotype inconsistent behaviour by a group member
