interference

Question 1

What do psychologists believe about LTM?

Answer 1

Once info has reached the ltm store it is permanent but problems occur with accessing the information.

Question 2

What is interference in the context of memory?

Answer 2

When 2 pieces of information conflict with each other. Can result in forgetting one or both pieces of information

Question 3

What is retroactive interference?

Answer 3

When a newer memory interferes with an older

Question 4

example of retroactive interference

Answer 4

Teachers learning so many new names this year they forget the ones from last year

Question 5

What is proactive interference?

Answer 5

occurs when an older memory interferes with an newer one

Question 6

example of retroactive interference

Answer 6

Teachers learn so many names in the past they struggle to remember new ones

Question 7

procedure for McGeoch & McDonald (1931).

Answer 7

Participants had to learn a list of words until they could remember
Learn a list of 10 adjectives (list a)
Then one of 6 other list (list b)

Question 8

aim for McGeoch & McDonald (1931).

Answer 8

if similarity affects interference

Question 9

results for McGeoch & McDonald (1931).

Answer 9

Synonyms = 12% accurate recall
Syllables = 26% recall
Numbers = 37% recall

Question 10

A limitation of research for proactive and retroactive interference

Answer 10

lack in ecological validity - learning a list of meaningless words

Question 11

State the findings for McGeoch & McDonald (1931).

Answer 11

interference is the strongest when the more similar the words are

Question 12

What is the effect of similarity?

Answer 12

proactive interference as previously stored information makes it harder to store new similar information or because of retroactive interference in that the new information writes over it

Question 13

Strength of interference - Baddeley + hitch

Answer 13

real world setting - rugby players

recalls did not depend on how long ago the player had the last match but the number of games they played in the mean time

Question 14

A strength of interference theory is that the findings is reliable.

Answer 14

same result in real life setting and lab

Question 15

Limitation of the theory of interference - individual differences

Answer 15

kane and engle: individuals with greater WM span were less susceptible to interference.

ppl are not equally effected by proactive interference due to individual differences

Question 16

Limitation of the theory of interference - temporary effect with the use of cues

Answer 16

Tulving & psotka: Recall averages around 70% on the first list but gradually gets worse then it went back to 70% at the end

Interference can be overcome by using retrieval cues.