Interaction of Adaptive Immunity

Question 1

the most successful pathogens employ what?

Answer 1

immune evasion

Question 2

T-F, B cells are TCR-MHC/peptide activated?

Answer 2

False—antibody/antigen

Question 3

Do natural killers or macrophages respond to virus infected cells in the immediate stage of the innate immune response?

Answer 3

NKs

Question 4

t-f, it is in the interest of BOTH the pathogen and the host to minimize host damage?

Answer 4

True- pathogens need to replicate and host needs to maintain function

Question 5

What is largely produced and key in actuating the immune response in the early stage of innate immunity?

Answer 5

INF alpha and beta

[promotes DC migration, entry of T and B into LN, activate NK, induce chemokines]

Question 6

What are the 4 stages of dynamics of the T cell response following infection?

Answer 6

activation
expansion
contraction
memory

Question 7

One naive T cell can give rise to how many daughter T cells in one week?

Answer 7

10,000—5-6 hour doubling times

Question 8

Bcl-2 family members do what during T cell proliferation?

Answer 8

serve as anti-apoptic proteins

Question 9

3rd signal is provided by what specific inflammatory for cell proliferation survival?

Answer 9

IL-12, IFN alpha/beta and gamma

Question 10

what is signal one of cell proliferation?

Answer 10

identification (clonal selection) of pathogen specific T cells

Question 11

Do CD4 T cells of CD8 T cells expand more?

Answer 11

CD8 do—there are also more CD8 cells for memory

Question 12

What happens in the T cell as it goes from naive to effector?

Answer 12

gene expression changes-differentiation of receptors

Question 13

What cells regulate and amplify Ab and CD8 T cell responses?

Answer 13

CD4 T cells

Question 14

What T cell produces IFN gamma and TNF-alpha?

Answer 14

CD4 and CD8

Question 15

What are the two pathways CD* T cells kill virus infected cells?

Answer 15

perforin/granzyme—lyse

Fas/FasL–apoptosis [CD95/CD95L]

Question 16

Contraction in T cell numbers is the result of… ?

Answer 16

apoptosis

Question 17

How many effector T cells are eliminated during contraction?

Answer 17

90-95%- begins shortly after clearance of infection

Question 18

T or F– contraction is dependent on Ag?

Answer 18

False

Question 19

T-F —T cells contract after sensing clearance of infection?

Answer 19

False
This was the hypothesis, but a study truncating the infection with antibiotics demonstrated that the onset of contraction did not change

Question 20

What is the current theory of contraction?

Answer 20

‘programmed’ within the first few days after infection

Question 21

T or F —death receptors (Fas or TNFR) are regulators of T cell contraction?

Answer 21

False

Question 22

T or F —survival receptors like IL-7R help regulate T cell contraction?

Answer 22

False

Question 23

T or F—pro apoptotic proteins (BIM) regulate cell contraction?

Answer 23

True

Question 24

T- F—memory T cells do not exhibit changes in cell surface receptors?

Answer 24

false

Question 25

What proteins are involved in the reinvigoration of the T cell after being exhausted?

Answer 25

PD-1 and PD-L