Inter War years – The Middle East Flashcards
Who was appointed as high commissioner in Palestine in 1920?
Herbert Samuel
what was the struggle in Palestine after the war?
That was a struggle to reconcile the growing Jewish and Palestine population
There was tension between the pro Jewish London government and the British authorities
What did Samuel try to do to stop the problems of the opposing populations in Palestine?
He attempted to combine an elective representative bodies
What was the key issue of landholding in Palestine?
Wealthy Jewish settlers began to buy the land with the help of the Jewish national fund and many Palestinian Arabs were poor who are renting their land from absent land owners
what was the result of the issue of landholding in Palestine?
Growing numbers of Arabs are being evicted from their homes
when was the Balfour declaration?
1917
What happens in Palestine in the mid 1920s?
There’s a period of rapid immigration
In 1925 how many people are immigrated to Palestine?
Over 34,000
when was the Shaw commission?
1929
what does the shaw commission aim to do?
Curb land acquisition
When is the Hope Simpson enquiry?
1930 to 31
what was the Simpson enquiry and what did the British government think?
It suggested a restriction on land acquisition, but the British government didn’t agree
when and why did immigration excellerate
1933
nazis
when were british troops sent to palestine
1936
How many British troops were sent to Palestine in 1936?
20,000
Why were British trip sent to Palestine in 1936?
To curb the growing violence
When was the peel commission?
1937
What did the peel commission recommend?
The separation into Jewish in Arab area
Britain will control Jerusalem and holy land
What was the Arab response to the PL commission?
They refused
What did the British white paper of 1939 say?
it called for a national homeland within Palestine for Jews currently living in the region
Limited Jewish immigration
Ended Jewish lamb purchases
Independence for Palestine within 10 years
Palestine won’t become a Jewish state
why was the British white paper of 1939 created?
Due to a fear of war and an attack on Egypt
how was Jewish immigration Limited
Limited to 75,000 immigrants over the next five years after 1939
When did anti-Jewish riots arise in Palestine?
1929
What part to the anti-Jewish riots?
Control of religious sites
How many people were killed in the anti-Jewish riots and by who?
113 Jews
116 Arabs
All but six were by British police
when was that Hebron massacre?
1929
between when was the Palestine Arab revolt?
1936 to 39
what were the goals of the Palestine Arab revolt?
In Jewish immigration to Palestine
And the transfer of land to Jewish owners
A new general representative government
what was the British response to the Palestine Arab revolt?
Britain responded with aggression and 100 Arabs were hanged
Why did Britain want the Mesopotamian mandate?
For oil
Who was in charge in Iraq post World War I?
Britain had influence and control
what was the state of Iraq after World War I
It was very unstable as three regions had become the state of Iraq who are ethnically culturally and religiously different
when was the armistice of Mudros
October 1918
what did the armistice of Modros do
Ended the campaign in the area and the Ottoman Empire
when was the Paris peace conference?
1919
what happened to Iraq in the Paris peace conference?
It is firmly made a class a mandate and mandated to Britain
after Iraq is made a class a mandate what happens in April 1920?
A rebellion
when was the Iraqi revolt?
June 1920
What was the Iraqi revolt, was it successful and what did it lead to?
it was an armed revolt against the British
It was unsuccessful, but led to a change in Iraq power and government
when was the Cairo conference?
1921
what did the Cairo conference do?
to help reduce expenses
deal with uprising
established parameters for Iraqi political system
what is Iraq given as part of the Cairo conference?
A king
And Iraqi army
Who is selected as King of Iraq?
Fagsal
what does the organic law of 1925 set up in iraq?
A government structure
A state religion of Islam
What does the 1925 agreement with Britain and Iraq give Iraq?
A 75 year concession royalty
When is the Anglo Iraqi treaty?
1930
what did the Anglo Iraqi treaty do?
Promised iraq full independence in two years
Gave Britain almost unlimited rights to military forces in Iraq
when does Iraq receive formal independence and admission to the league of Nations?
1932
