inter war years- dominions and imperial defence

Question 1

what is a Dominion?

Answer 1

A British settler colony with self governing powers and the British monarch as head of state

Question 2

What is the Commonwealth?

Answer 2

An association consisting of the UK together with states that were previously part of the empire and it’s dependencies

Question 3

What were the two key crisis is in Canada?

Answer 3

The chanak crisis
The king byng crisis

Question 4

when was the chanak crisis?

Answer 4

1922

Question 5

what was the chanak crisis

Answer 5

Britain had asked Canada to get involved in a military dispute
The PM of Canada King said he would have to take the matter to the Canadian house of commons who were on holiday

Question 6

what was the significance of the chanak crisis

Answer 6

it was the first time that Canada have rejected Britain’s request to get involved in a military conflict

Question 7

what happened as a result of the the chanak crisis

Answer 7

in 1922 King George granted Canada the first national symbol
But in 1923 Canada signed the halibut treaty with the US

Question 8

when was the king byng crisis

Answer 8

1926

Question 9

what was the king byng crisis

Answer 9

King was Prime Minister in coalition with the progressive party
Following an election, the conservative leader wins more votes then King but King stays in power in a minority coalition government and requests an election
This was refused and the conservatives were put into power

Question 10

what was the result of the king byng crisis

Answer 10

The conservative leaders last three days and were humiliated at the polls with a massive defeat and king returns following the election

Question 11

what was Britain’s solution to their concerns over the dominions?

Answer 11

Grant some countries independence
Established the Commonwealth for a special relationship
British monarch remains head of state

Question 12

when was the Balfour report/declaration and the imperial conference?

Answer 12

October to November 1926 in London

Question 13

who attended the balfour report/declaration and the imperial conference?

Answer 13

The British and the Dominion prime minister’s attended

Question 14

what was the result of the balfour report/declaration and the imperial conference

Answer 14

Canada and other nations of the British Commonwealth were officially recognised as ‘autonomous countries…equal in status’

Question 15

when was the statute of Westminster?

Answer 15

1931

Question 16

What was the result of the 1931 statue of Westminster?

Answer 16

It meant that laws passed in Britain could not be enforced in the dominions without the consent of their parliament, e.g. the Dominion are free to pass laws

Question 17

where and when was there immediate impact of the statue of Westminster?

Answer 17

In Canada, South Africa and the Irish free state in 1931

Question 18

what happened in Australia and New Zealand after the statue of Westminster?

Answer 18

It required Parliamentary ratification in Australia in 1942 and New Zealand in 1947

Question 19

What was the result of the statue of Westminster on Newfoundland?

Answer 19

They reverted to a crown colony before joining Canada in 1949

Question 20

What were the key problems for Britain of imperial defence?

Answer 20

week economic position
Nationalism
New aggressive regimes in Asia

Question 21

What was the impact of the British problems in imperial defence?

Answer 21

Britain took a geopolitical view
Appeasement
Balance of defence of the empire and home

Question 22

What is the British policy of appeasement and where did they try and use it?

Answer 22

compromising in some area so you could save resources for others
Failed attempt with Italy and germany